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This study examined the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACE)s on Head Start eligible low-income children's developmental outcomes based on the Head Start Impact Study data (n = 4442). The ACEs consisted of parental alcohol/drug use, parental depression, neglectful parenting practices, family violence, and household risk factors. Children's developmental outcomes were cognitive, socio-emotional, and health outcomes. The following questions were explored: (a) Do ACEs have an impact on children's cognitive, social, and health outcomes? (b) Does the Head Start program have any impact on the effects between ACEs and children's cognitive, social and health outcomes? Regression analysis indicated that children who had more ACEs had significantly lower cognitive test scores, lower socio-emotional scores, and negative health outcomes. Children who enrolled Head Start had higher cognitive, social, and health outcomes than those who did not enroll Head Start. Further, Head Start impact differed depending on number of ACEs. More Head Start eligible children should attend Head Start and Head Start participant children need to be accessed for their risk factors. Head Start impact should consider ACEs to measure developmental outcomes for children in poverty and provide trauma-informed care by considering adverse childhood experiences. A future study was suggested to address additional impacts and possible implication, in the context of pandemic stress that affect preschool aged children and their families, from this similar demographic background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the association between enrollment duration and health treatment outcomes among migrant Head Start children. Children (n = 1,399) were divided into two groups: those who enrolled for 1 year and those who enrolled more than 2 years. Health treatment outcomes were preventative dental treatment, asthma treatment, hearing/vision, and anemia/high lead level treatment. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine whether enrollment duration has any association with health treatment outcomes. Child and family baseline variables were examined for their association with enrollment duration. Children who were enrolled more than 2 years were likely to be older, to live with two parents, to speak Spanish at home, to receive supplemental nutritional assistance program, to live in a higher family income household, to have reliable transportation and to stay in the program for more weeks. Longer enrollment duration has a positive association with preventative dental treatment, asthma treatment, and hearing/vision treatment. Thus, active recruitment through interagency collaborations for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers needs to be done to promote earlier and longer enrollment duration for the migrant Head Start program. A future study needs to be done on the barriers to health care treatment services among migrant children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]