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[ Objective ]Effects of plant spacing and row spacing on biomass and yield characteristics of cassava were studied to provide references for optimization of cassava cultivation techniques. [ Method ]Taking cassava variety SC8 as experiment material, field tests were carried out under 4 kinds of plant spacing and row spacing, viz., equal spacing of plant and row (treatment A: 0.8 mx0.8 m), wide plant spacing with narrow row spacing (treatment B: 1.0 mx0.8 m) and wide-narrow plant spacing (treatment C:1.0 m + 0.6 m of plant spacing with 0.8 m of row spacing, treatment D: 1.0 m + 0.8 m of plant spacing with 0.6 m of row spacing). The biomass of various organs and yield of cassava were detected at seedling stage, and formation stage, expansion stage and mature stage of cassava root -tuber. The correlation among different indices were also analyzed. [ Result ]As the maturation of root tuber, different plant spacing and rows spacing treatments presented significant effects on biomass of leaf stem and root-tuber, and yield traits. Out of which, the chlorophyll content, biomass, fresh root-tuber yield, starch content and yield of treatment D was significantly higher than those of treatment A, B and C, the value were 2.43-3.03 mg/gFW, 624.3-6222.0 g/plant, 49.35 t/ha, 30.27% and 15.90 t/ha, respectively. Furthermore, the fresh root-tuber yield showed remarkably significant positive correlation or significantly positive correlation with leaf chlorophyll content at 4 stages, root fresh weight and total biomass at seedling stage, formation and expansion stage of root-tuber, and fresh weight of stem and leaf at expansion and mature stage of root-tuber. [ Conclusion ]It included that wide-narrow plant spacing with (1.0+0.8) mx0.6 m was the best for cassava planting in Hainan province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]