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Graphene materials are synthesized in a thermal plasma jet without using size forming catalysts. The synthesis was performed on a direct current plasma torch operating at 28–30 kW with a pressure of 100–710 Torr. The synthesis products are studied by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. It is found that structures formed in the plasma jet have a flake morphology regardless of the type of the carbon bearing source. Thermodynamic calculations testify a correlation between the temperature profile in the plasma jet and the composition of condensed carbon (redistribution between C60 and C80). The application areas of flaky structures are discussed.

A single-stage catalyst free synthesis of hydrogenated graphene was studied in the process of methane conversion in a helium plasma jet created by a plasma torch at the power up to 45 kW and the pressure of 710 Torr. The synthesis products were studied by the methods of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermal analysis, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis.