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High temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev transportation has provided a new development direction for high-speed and ultra-high-speed rail transit. In order to promote the development of HTS materials in this area, the dynamic response of the vehicle superconductor under an alternating magnetic field with high frequency is well-worth studying. However, limited by some experimental conditions and other factors, the effective modelling method becomes an indispensable and cost-effective tool to predict the electromagnetic properties of the superconductors. In this paper, based on the single-peaked permanent magnet guideway (PMG)-HTS bulks maglev configuration, the modelling using three different E-J relationships include the power law model (PLM), the flux flow and creep model (FFCM), and the flux flow model (FFM) are compared. Results indicate that the PLM has the highest computational efficiency and good reliability. Then, using the PLM, we further study the dynamic response of the HTS bulks over a Halbach-typed PMG under higher vibration frequencies. The effect of the magnet failure in the middle of the PMG on the levitation system is also discussed. A finite element method is applied with the H formulation. The moving mesh is used to realize the relative displacement between the PMG and HTS bulks. To investigate the temperature rise and the AC loss inside the HTS bulks, the Heat Transfer module is coupled. Results show that the temperature inside the HTS bulks will decay exponentially with time if the magnitude and frequency of the external magnetic field do not continue to increase. This work can provide some references for the future practical applications of the high-speed HTS maglev. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]