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The Diels-Alder adducts from alkali conjugated and elaidinized safflower fatty acids with acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic and cinnamic acids and their esters as dienophiles were obtained in 40–64% yields. Low yields of 16–18% were obtained when 10-undecenoic acid and its ester were used. Most of the adducts could be estimated quantitatively in the reaction products by column chromatography or gas liquid chromatography (GLC). For the estimation of the adducts from crotonic and 10-undecenoic acids a combination of column chromatography and GLC techniques was employed. Partitioning between hexane and 90% methanol, partial esterification with alkali washing, and splitting and fractional distillation under reduced pressure were methods used to obtain the adducts in 90–95% purity.

Methyl esters of alkali-isomerized safflower oil fatty acids after elaidinization with sulfur were treated with styrene in the presence of hydroquinone, with or without solvents. A combination of column chromatography and gas liquid chromatography techniques was employed for the estimation of the methyl esters of unreacted fatty acids, Diels-Alder adduct and polymers in the reaction products. Maximum yield of the Diels-Alder adduct (26.6%) was obtained when the elaidinized methyl esters of the fatty acids were treated with 1.5 moles of styrene per mole of linoleic acid in safflower oil fatty acids at 200–210 C for 6 hr. The methyl ester of the adduct was isolated in about 90% purity from the reaction product by vacuum distillation followed by solvent fractionation. The butyl ester of the adduct and the epoxy derivative of the methyl ester adduct were prepared and characterized.

A series of methyl esters of fatty acids were reacted with N-bromosuccinimide, and the products were dehydrobrominated by heating.In the reaction of metyyl erucate and methyl oleate with equivalent amounts of N-bromosuccinimide, bromination occurred in the allylic position farthest from the carboxyl group. Products of dehydrobromination contained 30–40% conjugated dienoic acids.Use of excess N-bromosuccinimide led to production of both diene and triene conjugation.Products from mono-acetylenic fatty acids had a double bond conjugated to the triple bond initially present.The product from methyl 9∶12-linoleate was a complex mixture having diene, triene, and tetraene conjugation.Mustard seed, peanut, olive, karanja, neem, tobacco seed, and safflower oils were reacted with N-bromosuccinimide. The bromo derivatives could not be satisfactorily dehydrobrominated by heat alone; heating in pyridine, quinoline, or 2∶4∶6-collidine was more effective. The products from safflower and tobacco seed oils partially gelled during the process. The films of all the treated oils dried in wrinkled patterns.

The Diels-Alder reaction between alkali conjugated and elaidinized safflower oil fatty acids and maleic anhydride was studied under various experimental conditions. The principal product which was obtained in 51–55% yields was a mixture of the adduct of maleic anhydride and maleic acid in 40∶60 proportions. The isolation and properties of this mixed adducts from the reaction mixture and their conversion to trimethyl, tributyl and triallyl esters are described. The trimethyl ester was also obtained in good yield from the methyl esters of the fatty acids and dimethyl maleate.