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Since the effect of magnetic fields on blood flow is not fully understood or studied comprehensively, this paper, for the first time, addresses the effect of uniform magnetic fields with different intensities on the pulsatile non-Newtonian blood flow in an elastic artery with axially symmetrical single and double stenoses using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1. The results are suggestive that an increase in the percent stenosis increases the pressure drop, which is more dramatic in double stenosis. Moreover, for a given percent stenosis, increasing the Hartmann (Ha) number, in addition to increasing the pressure drop, increases the amount by which the pressure drop is raised. The shear stress results revealed that increasing the magnetic field intensity results in the reduction of the vortex region formed in the back of the stenosis, reducing the area prone to disease, which can resolve pathological issues. The impact of the magnetic field was found to be decreased by increasing the percent stenosis. It was also observed that the percentage difference between the maximum wall shear stresses for various percent stenoses is reduced by increasing the Ha number for both single and double stenoses.

Clinical evidence has shown that hemodynamics plays an important role in vascular diseases that hemodynamic parameters are highly dependent on the elasticity of the artery wall. Since so far, no study has not been done about turbulent and non-Newtonian blood flow in carotid artery under a magnetic field, in this study we use computational fluid dynamics and fluid–structure interaction (FSI) models to study the hemodynamics of a patient-specific carotid artery. The comparative and cumulative effects of turbulence modeling, arterial wall elasticity, and magnetic field intensities are investigated by quantifying their effects on different variables of interest. These variables include blood pressure, time-averaged wall shear stress, relative residence time (RRT), and oscillating shear index (OSI), which are important in the onset and development of atherosclerosis. The results showed that the effects of turbulence are significant for predictions of OSI, while for other variables the turbulent simulation results were comparable to laminar simulations. The effects of wall elasticity were significant for all variables, such that FSI modeling will be essential for an accurate computational framework. The effects of magnetic fields were also found to be relatively significant. By increasing Hartman number from zero to five, the maximum shear stress was reduced by about 10%. Other effects of increased intensity of magnetic field included reduction in the average amount of RRT, sharp decrease in the OSI > 0 region, and transfer of maximum OSI from distal part of carotid sinus to the proximal part.