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BaTiO3 samples with a tailored microstructure, specific surface areas ranging from 6.5 to 18.5 m2/g, were obtained from the thermal decomposition of barium titanyl oxalate (BTO) by using a sample controlled reaction temperature (SCRT) method. These samples are constituted by nanosized crystallites with cubic structure. The use of reducing atmosphere promotes the size diminution of the coherently diffraction domains. The crystallite size and the strain of powdered BaTiO3 samples were measured in several crystallographic directions by using the Warren-Averbach multiple order method. The results have shown that crystallite size is isotropic, whereas the strain has a marked anisotropic character. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]