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The article presents the Textile Institute's textile research on the use of cathode ray oscillographs in loom study and on individual warp-thread tension variations during weaving. An electron beam is generated from a heated cathode and focused by electrostatic fields. Direct or alternating electric currents are applied to two sets of deflecting plates in order to deflect the electron beam from its position of rest. The tension in a selected warp thread and the angular displacement of the loom mainshaft from an arbitrarily chosen zero point are two variables which must be converted into voltages.

The geometry of the 2/2 twill is studied by reference to (a) an idealized cloth made of flexible and frictionless threads, and (b) a simpler model derived from this. The existence of interactions tending to disturb the model from a square configuration is shown and their magnitudes are related to the basic parameters. In the idealized cloth, these interactions produce an equilibrium configuration which is not square. The degree of skewness is related to the diameter and crimp of the threads and the influence of yarn stiffness and friction on the skewness in practical cloths is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method of measuring the force required to remove tufts from carpet structures is described. It uses the Instron strength tester and fits a specially designed sample holder as the lower or pulling clamp of the instrument. After discussing the results of tests made on spool Axminster, gripper Axminster and Wilton carpets (which were made primarily to assess the method of test) the factors affecting tuft bind in Wilton carpets are discussed in considerable detail. The discussion is based on the weaving and testing of a very large number of carpet samples and refers to : (1) the effects of differences in the structure and quality (rows per inch; depth of pile; tightness of base structure; type of weft; weave; and varying amounts of "dead" pile); (2) the effects of modifications in weaving technique (tension on chain, stuffer and pile warps; wet or sized compared with dry weft; braking the chain jumbold during the beat-up; varying the level of feeding the warps to the loom; and timing the changes of the sheds); and (3) the effects of finishing treatments with particular reference to back-sizing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor that discusses the relationship between strength and count of single worsted yarns is presented.