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Obstructive hypertrophy with adenoid and/or tonsil inflammation is one of the most common problems in pediatric group patients. Especially adenoid tissue, which is a component of Waldeyer's ring, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media, according to its anatomic position, when inflamed and/or enlarged. Therefore, adenoid surgery is thought to have a role in the management of odds media with effusion. According to the relationship between the adenoid tissue and eustachian tube, it has been accepted that an inflammation that occurs in adenoid tissue can lead to transmission of infection to the middle ear and eventually can cause acute infections in the middle ear .Also hypertrophy of the adenoid tissue can lead to obstruction or dysfunction of eustachian tube, and effusion in the middle ear as a result. If the consisting effusion is not treated, it might cause adhesive otitis media or the other middle ear pathologies, which results with irreversible conductive heating loss. Therefore, the early diagnosis and treatment is important in these patients. The aim of the adenoidectomy in these patients is to remove both chronically infected and the tissue causing the obstruction. Adenoid surgery is inevitable when adenoid tissue leads to complaints of snoring or nasal congestion because of hypertrophy. But, treatment modality in patients who have not shown obstructive symptoms or adenoid hypertropy findings, are still controversial. Also, the additon of adenoideetomy or adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of otitis media with effusion is still debatable. In this respect, different results were reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To compare the symptomatic and urodynamic aspects of mono-therapies and combination therapies of tolterodine and tamsulosin. Meterial and Methods: Sixty-six patients with lower urina tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia were separated into three treatment groups as tolterodine only group, tamsulosin mono-therapy group, and tolterodine+tamsulosin combination therapy group. Demographics of the patients were noted and prostate specific antigen, prostate volumes, and international prostate symptom scores were determined before and-after the.-treatment. Qmax, PdetQmax, cystometric bladder capacities and detrusor hyperactivities, residual urine portions, Abramas-Griffith obstruction scores (Obstlnd) were established. Patients took 2 mg of tolterodine twice a day in first group, 0:4mg of tamsulosine once a day in second group, and equal doses of these medicines were given as combination in third group. All three groups took the medications for six months. International prostate symptom score and pressure-flow studies were repeated after the treatment; and the differences were analyzed both in, and between the groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in tolterodine group for residual urine portions, but these values were significantly lowered in tamsulosin group and combination-therapy groups. Qmax, PdetQmax, cystometric capacity, and Abrams-Griffith obstruction scores were similar in tolterodine and tamsulosin monotherapy groups, whereas significant improvements were achieved in combination therapy group. Tamsulosin group had similar international prostate symptom score -total, international prostate symptom score-obstructive, Vr, PdetQmax and Obstlnd values with combination therapy group. Moreover, combination therapy group was significantly more efficient in international prostate symptom score irritative sub-score and nocturia frequency. Conclusions: We concleded that patients who have overactive bladder symptoms and lower urinary, tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia, and who do not benefit from alpha-blockers will benefit from combined treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]