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Ulex europaeus agglutinin I binds specifically to vascular endothelium of various human tissues irrespective of the blood group type or secretive status of the tissue. Using this property, we have developed an immunoperoxidase technique to identify vessel structures in urogenital tissues. Most vessels in malignant and nonmalignant tissues of bladder, prostate and testis of different blood types (A, B, AB and O) can be readily identified by this method. This technique has potential application in detecting tumor cell invasion of vessels and in studying distribution of vessels in relation to various normal and pathological events.

Serum beta-2-microglobulin levels were measured in patients with renal, vesical and prostatic cancer. Measurements were made only on samples with a serum creatinine less than or equal to 105 mumol./l. to eliminate the possibility of elevated beta-2-microglobulin being a result of impaired renal function. This criterion eliminated 28 to 50 per cent of the patients with bladder cancer and 73 per cent of those who had undergone nephrectomy for renal carcinoma, which, obviously, limits the value of beta-2-microglobulin measurement for the surveillance in these cancers. Beta-2-microglobulin values in patients with prostatic cancer were seldom increased to more than 3.0 mg./l. In bladder cancer patients with normal serum creatinine the frequency of an elevated serum beta-2-microglobulin increased with the increase in tumor stage.