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1. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden - volume 3

Author

M. T. Barakat, N. Nugrahini, Andri Sanityoso Sulaiman, S. El Khoury, Béla Hunyady, Y. Al Serkal, Liana Gheorghe, E. S. El Hassan, K. Saeed, M. Siddiq, H. Tarifi, A. Abdou, Homie Razavi, Fadi H. Mourad, Abdul Rahman Bizri, Do Young Kim, Matti Maimets, Devin Razavi-Shearer, S. Gregorcic, Ibrahim Altraif, Chris Estes, A. Salamat, Hamad I. Al-Ashgar, Riina Salupere, Sarah Blach, R. Husni, A. Sibley, F. Al Hosani, P. Aldins, S. Alawadhi, A. Baqir, S. Priohutomo, Mihály Makara, A. Abourached, A. Löve, Ieva Tolmane, Saeed Hamid, B. Karlsdottir, Adrian Goldis, Abdulrahman Aljumah, Samsuridjal Djauzi, Almoutaz Hashim, Laurentius A. Lesmana, Khalid Alswat, Jon G. Jonasson, Danute Speiciene, Young-Suk Lim, Arif Nawaz, M. Taha, R. Al-Hakeem, Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Rino Alvani Gani, Young Seok Kim, Abdullah M. Assiri, J. Videčnik-Zorman, A. Al Rifai, A. Sanityoso Sulaiman, Muhammad S. Memon, H. Fridjonsdottir, M. A. Al Mulla, Faisal M. Sanai, Faisal Abaalkhail, L. Al-Dabal, R. A. Sayegh, A. M. Siddiqui, Gabor Horvath, Moon Suk Choi, Cesar Yaghi, M. Sadik, Irsan Hasan, A. Almessabi, S. Fakhry, Zaigham Abbas, Ala I. Sharara, Evy Yunihastuti, Jacques E Mokhbat, David H. Muljono, Jonas Valantinas, Asad Chaudhry, K. Al Jaberi, H. Al Quraishi, B. Sigurdardottir, Altaf Alam, Mohamed A. Babatin, N. Andrea, F. Al Braiki, Kathryn Razavi-Shearer, Reza Malekzadeh, H. Qureshi, G. Sigmundsdottir, Marwa Sultan, Jonathan Schmelzer, Javed Iqbal Farooqi, Mojca Matičič, Junko Tanaka, S. Olafsson, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Shahin Merat, M. Alzaabi, Valentina Liakina, Adel Alqutub, Seyed M Alavian, G. Tayyab, M. Al Khatry, T. Diab, M. Ud Din, Jessie Gunter, Kwang Hyub Han, Faleh Z. Al-Faleh, Bader Faiyaz Zuberi, Wasim Jafri, P. Rassam, Magnus Gottfredsson, Baiba Rozentale, Agita Jeruma, A. Ghafoor Khan, M. Umar, Ottar M. Bergmann, Z. Koutoubi, and M. A. Yusuf

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cure rate, Pediatrics, Asia, Adolescent, Hepatitis C virus, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, Infection disease, Middle East, Young Adult, Virology, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Child, Disease burden, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Harm reduction, Models, Statistical, Hepatology, business.industry, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Middle Aged, Treatment efficacy, Drug Utilization, Surgery, Liver Transplantation, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Communicable Disease Control, Female, Birth cohort, business
Abstract

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 15 countries in Europe, the Middle East and Asia, and the relative impact of two scenarios was considered: increased treatment efficacy while holding the annual number of treated patients constant and increased treatment efficacy and an increased annual number of treated patients. Increasing levels of diagnosis and treatment, in combination with improved treatment efficacy, were critical for achieving substantial reductions in disease burden. A 90% reduction in total HCV infections within 15 years is feasible in most countries studied, but it required a coordinated effort to introduce harm reduction programmes to reduce new infections, screening to identify those already infected and treatment with high cure rate therapies. This suggests that increased capacity for screening and treatment will be critical in many countries. Birth cohort screening is a helpful tool for maximizing resources. Among European countries, the majority of patients were born between 1940 and 1985. A wider range of birth cohorts was seen in the Middle East and Asia (between 1925 and 1995).

Published
2015

2. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with today's treatment paradigm - volume 3

Author

A. Sibley, K. H. Han, A. Abourached, L. A. Lesmana, M. Makara, W. Jafri, R. Salupere, A. M. Assiri, A. Goldis, F. Abaalkhail, Z. Abbas, A. Abdou, F. Al Braiki, F. Al Hosani, K. Al Jaberi, M. Al Khatry, M. A. Al Mulla, H. Al Quraishi, A. Al Rifai, Y. Al Serkal, A. Alam, S. M. Alavian, H. I. Alashgar, S. Alawadhi, L. Al-Dabal, P. Aldins, F. Z. Alfaleh, A. S. Alghamdi, R. Al-Hakeem, A. A. Aljumah, A. Almessabi, A. N. Alqutub, K. A. Alswat, I. Altraif, M. Alzaabi, N. Andrea, M. A. Babatin, A. Baqir, M. T. Barakat, O. M. Bergmann, A. R. Bizri, S. Blach, A. Chaudhry, M. S. Choi, T. Diab, S. Djauzi, E. S. El Hassan, S. El Khoury, C. Estes, S. Fakhry, J. I. Farooqi, H. Fridjonsdottir, R. A. Gani, A. Ghafoor Khan, L. Gheorghe, M. Gottfredsson, S. Gregorcic, J. Gunter, B. Hajarizadeh, S. Hamid, I. Hasan, A. Hashim, G. Horvath, B. Hunyady, R. Husni, A. Jeruma, J. G. Jonasson, B. Karlsdottir, D. Y. Kim, Y. S. Kim, Z. Koutoubi, V. Liakina, Y. S. Lim, A. Löve, M. Maimets, R. Malekzadeh, M. Matičič, M. S. Memon, S. Merat, J. E. Mokhbat, F. H. Mourad, D. H. Muljono, A. Nawaz, N. Nugrahini, S. Olafsson, S. Priohutomo, H. Qureshi, P. Rassam, H. Razavi, D. Razavi-Shearer, K. Razavi-Shearer, B. Rozentale, M. Sadik, K. Saeed, A. Salamat, F. M. Sanai, A. Sanityoso Sulaiman, R. A. Sayegh, A. I. Sharara, M. Siddiq, A. M. Siddiqui, G. Sigmundsdottir, B. Sigurdardottir, D. Speiciene, A. Sulaiman, M. A. Sultan, M. Taha, J. Tanaka, H. Tarifi, G. Tayyab, I. Tolmane, M. Ud din, M. Umar, J. Valantinas, J. Videčnik-Zorman, C. Yaghi, E. Yunihastuti, M. A. Yusuf, B. F. Zuberi, and J. D. Schmelzer

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Models, Statistical, Hepatology, Adolescent, Incidence, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Middle Aged, Global Health, Survival Analysis, Young Adult, Infectious Diseases, Cost of Illness, Virology, Prevalence, Humans, Female, Viremia, Aged
Abstract

The total number, morbidity and mortality attributed to viraemic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections change over time making it difficult to compare reported estimates from different years. Models were developed for 15 countries to quantify and characterize the viraemic population and forecast the changes in the infected population and the corresponding disease burden from 2014 to 2030. With the exception of Iceland, Iran, Latvia and Pakistan, the total number of viraemic HCV infections is expected to decline from 2014 to 2030, but the associated morbidity and mortality are expected to increase in all countries except for Japan and South Korea. In the latter two countries, mortality due to an ageing population will drive down prevalence, morbidity and mortality. On the other hand, both countries have already experienced a rapid increase in HCV‐related mortality and morbidity. HCV‐related morbidity and mortality are projected to increase between 2014 and 2030 in all other countries as result of an ageing HCV‐infected population. Thus, although the total number of HCV countries is expected to decline in most countries studied, the associated disease burden is expected to increase. The current treatment paradigm is inadequate if large reductions in HCV‐related morbidity and mortality are to be achieved.

Published
2015

3. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with today's treatment paradigm

Author

Altaf Alam, K. Saeed, N. Nugrahini, Fadi H. Mourad, Andri Sanityoso Sulaiman, Abdul Rahman Bizri, Jon G. Jonasson, Liana Gheorghe, S. Alawadhi, Ala I. Sharara, Sarah Blach, Rino Alvani Gani, Do Young Kim, M. Alzaabi, Young Seok Kim, Matti Maimets, S. Priohutomo, A. Löve, Saeed Hamid, Abdullah M. Assiri, H. Al Quraishi, Adel Alqutub, G. Tayyab, Junko Tanaka, H. Qureshi, A. Salamat, P. Aldins, M. S. Choi, M. T. Barakat, Reza Malekzadeh, M. Sadik, Kwang Hyub Han, Young-Suk Lim, J. Videčnik-Zorman, A. Abdou, Jacques E Mokhbat, Zaigham Abbas, Khalid Alswat, G. Sigmundsdottir, B. Karlsdottir, Marwa Sultan, K. Al Jaberi, Devin Razavi-Shearer, A. Al Rifai, Chris Estes, Abdullah S. Alghamdi, A. Sanityoso Sulaiman, Béla Hunyady, F. Al Braiki, B. Sigurdardottir, Ieva Tolmane, Kathryn Razavi-Shearer, S. El Khoury, Gabor Horvath, Y. Al Serkal, M. Taha, Hamad I. Al-Ashgar, Cesar Yaghi, Abdulrahman Aljumah, Danute Speiciene, Riina Salupere, Irsan Hasan, S. Fakhry, Homie Razavi, Evy Yunihastuti, F. Al Hosani, M. A. Al Mulla, Faisal M. Sanai, Mohamed A. Babatin, N. Andrea, L. Al-Dabal, S. Gregorcic, Arif Nawaz, R. Al-Hakeem, E. S. El Hassan, R. Husni, M. Siddiq, David H. Muljono, Adrian Goldis, A. Almessabi, Jonathan Schmelzer, Mojca Maticic, Laurentius A. Lesmana, A. Baqir, Ibrahim Altraif, Faisal Abaalkhail, Shahin Merat, Mihály Makara, A. Abourached, Jonas Valantinas, Asad Chaudhry, T. Diab, M. Ud Din, Muhammad S. Memon, Jessie Gunter, R. A. Sayegh, Seyed Moayed Alavian, A. M. Siddiqui, H. Fridjonsdottir, Bader Faiyaz Zuberi, M. Umar, Magnus Gottfredsson, Baiba Rozentale, Agita Jeruma, Samsuridjal Djauzi, Almoutaz Hashim, A. Ghafoor Khan, Ottar M. Bergmann, Z. Koutoubi, M. A. Yusuf, H. Tarifi, A. Sibley, Faleh Z. Al-Faleh, Wasim Jafri, P. Rassam, J. I. Farooqi, S. Olafsson, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Valentina Liakina, M. Al Khatry, Ctr Dis Anal, Natl Liver Inst, JW Goethe Univ Hosp, Univ Calgary, Ankara Univ, Hosp Santo Antonio Capuchos, Med Univ Innsbruck, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Hop Henri Mondor, Adv Tech Hlth Serv Res TAISS, Ege Univ, Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Univ Leipzig, Osped Cantonale, Univ Montreal, Fed Univ State Rio de Janeiro, Arud Ctr Addict Med, Hosp Valle de Hebron, Hosp Puerta Hierro, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Odense Univ Hosp, Reg Hosp Hovedstaden, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Univ Plymouth, Univ New S Wales, Cairo Univ, Orebro Univ Hosp, Univ Orebro, Ain Shams Univ, Dokuz Eylul Univ, Exigo Consultores, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Inst Clin & Expt Med, Hosp Carlos III, Univ Copenhagen, Direccao Geral Saude, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Wilhelminenspital Stadt Wien, Med Univ Vienna, Masaryk Univ, Univ Manitoba, Hlth Sci Ctr, European Liver Patients Assoc, Istanbul Univ, Univ British Columbia, Aalborg Univ Hosp, Katholieke Univ Leuven, Hosp Santa Maria, Univ Western Ontario, Univ Dusseldorf, Univ Libre Brussels, Univ Hosp, Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Univ Southhampton, Dalhousie Univ & Hepatol Serv, Assembleia Republ, Alfred Hosp, Monash Univ, UCL, Nottingham Univ Hosp NHS Trust, Biomed Res Unit, Ctr Hosp Porto, Cantonal Hosp St Gallen, Univ Toronto, Egyptian Liver Res Inst & Hosp, Monash Hlth, Catholic Univ Louvain, Med Univ Graz, St Vincents Hosp, Univ Melbourne, Charles Univ Prague, Cent Mil Hosp, Univ Antwerp, Deutsch Leberhilfe eV, Ghent Univ Hosp, Univ Ghent, Hannover Med Sch, Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Univ Zurich Hosp, Bihl, Florian, Negro, Francesco, and Semela, David

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, diagnosis, Cost effectiveness, Hepatitis C virus, prevalence, ddc:616.07, medicine.disease_cause, disease burden, Liver disease, Virology, Epidemiology, medicine, Disease burden, ddc:616, treatment, Hepatology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, mortality, Infectious Diseases, HCV, Immunology, incidence, epidemiology, Human medicine, hepatitis C, Viral hepatitis, business
Abstract

Gilead Sciences The disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is expected to increase as the infected population ages. A modelling approach was used to estimate the total number of viremic infections, diagnosed, treated and new infections in 2013. in addition, the model was used to estimate the change in the total number of HCV infections, the disease progression and mortality in 2013-2030. Finally, expert panel consensus was used to capture current treatment practices in each country. Using today's treatment paradigm, the total number of HCV infections is projected to decline or remain flat in all countries studied. However, in the same time period, the number of individuals with late-stage liver disease is projected to increase. This study concluded that the current treatment rate and efficacy are not sufficient to manage the disease burden of HCV. Thus, alternative strategies are required to keep the number of HCV individuals with advanced liver disease and liver-related deaths from increasing. Ctr Dis Anal, Louisville, CO 80027 USA Natl Liver Inst, Menoufia, Egypt JW Goethe Univ Hosp, Frankfurt, Germany Univ Calgary, Liver Unit, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Calgary, AB, Canada Ankara Univ, Dept Gastroenterol, Sch Med, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey Hosp Santo Antonio Capuchos, Dept Gastroenterol, Ctr Hosp Lisboa Cent, Lisbon, Portugal Med Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria Univ São Paulo, Sch Med, São Paulo, Brazil Hop Henri Mondor, Serv Hepatogastroenterol, F-94010 Creteil, France Adv Tech Hlth Serv Res TAISS, Madrid, Spain Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol Infect Dis, Stockholm, Sweden Ankara Univ, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey Univ Leipzig, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany Osped Cantonale, Dept Gastroenterol, Bellinzona, Switzerland Univ Montreal, Dept Med, Liver Unit, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada Fed Univ State Rio de Janeiro, Dept Gastroenterol, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Arud Ctr Addict Med, Zurich, Switzerland Hosp Valle de Hebron, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain Hosp Puerta Hierro, Madrid, Spain Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Hosp Clin, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark Reg Hosp Hovedstaden, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Clin Med, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Univ Plymouth, Peninsula Sch Med & Dent, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England Univ New S Wales, Kirby Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt Orebro Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Orebro, Sweden Univ Orebro, Sch Hlth & Med Sci, SE-70182 Orebro, Sweden Ain Shams Univ, Cairo, Egypt Dokuz Eylul Univ, Izmir, Turkey Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med Huddinge, Infect Dis Unit, Stockholm, Sweden Exigo Consultores, Alhos Vedros, Portugal Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Gastroenterol, São Paulo, Brazil Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Infect Dis, São Paulo, Brazil Inst Clin & Expt Med, Dept Hepatogastroenterol, Prague, Czech Republic Hosp Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Direccao Geral Saude, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Estadual Campinas, Disciplina Doencas Infecciosas, Dept Clin Med, Grp Estudo Hepatites,Fac Ciencias Med,UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil Wilhelminenspital Stadt Wien, Dept Internal Med 4, Vienna, Austria Univ São Paulo, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, São Paulo, Brazil Med Univ Vienna, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Internal Med 3, Vienna, Austria Masaryk Univ, Univ Hosp Brno, Clin Infect Dis, Brno, Czech Republic Univ Manitoba, Dept Internal Med, Sect Hepatol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Hlth Sci Ctr, Viral Hepatitis Invest Unit, Winnipeg, MB, Canada European Liver Patients Assoc, St Truiden, Belgium Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey Univ British Columbia, British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Med Gastroenterol, Aalborg, Denmark Aalborg Univ Hosp, Sect Mol Diagnost, Aalborg, Denmark Katholieke Univ Leuven, Univ Hosp Leuven, Louvain, Belgium Hosp Santa Maria, Dept Gastroenterol, Ctr Hosp Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Western Ontario, Div Gastroenterol, London, ON, Canada Univ Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany Univ Libre Brussels, Erasme Univ Hosp, Brussels, Belgium Univ Hosp, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Geneva, Switzerland Univ Hosp, Div Clin Pathol, Geneva, Switzerland Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Natl Reference Lab Hepatitis, Prague, Czech Republic Univ Southhampton, Southampton, England Dalhousie Univ & Hepatol Serv, Capital Dist Hlth Author, Queen Elizabeth II Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Halifax, NS, Canada Dalhousie Univ & Hepatol Serv, Capital Dist Hlth Author, Queen Elizabeth II Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Halifax, NS, Canada Univ British Columbia, Dept Gastroenterol, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada Assembleia Republ, Lisbon, Portugal Alfred Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia UCL, Div Med, UCL Inst Liver & Digest Hlth, London, England Hop Henri Mondor, Dept Sante Publ, F-94010 Creteil, France Nottingham Univ Hosp NHS Trust, Nottingham, England Biomed Res Unit, Nottingham, England Ctr Hosp Porto, Dept Infect Dis, Oporto, Portugal Cantonal Hosp St Gallen, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, St Gallen, Switzerland Univ Toronto, Toronto Gen Hosp, Univ Hlth Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada Egyptian Liver Res Inst & Hosp, Dakahliah, Egypt Monash Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Catholic Univ Louvain, Clin Univ St Luc, Brussels, Belgium Med Univ Graz, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Internal Med, Graz, Austria St Vincents Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Charles Univ Prague, Dept Internal Med, Fac Med 1, Prague, Czech Republic Cent Mil Hosp, Prague, Czech Republic Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium Deutsch Leberhilfe eV, Cologne, Germany Ghent Univ Hosp, Ghent, Belgium Univ Ghent, Belgium Hasselt Univ, Dept Hlth Econ & Patient Safety, Diepenbeek, Belgium Hannover Med Sch, Dept Gastroenterol Hepatol & Endocrinol, Hannover, Germany Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Hvidovre, Denmark Univ New S Wales, St George Hosp Clin Sch Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia Univ New S Wales, Sch Med Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia Univ Zurich Hosp, Swiss HPB Hepatopancreatobiliary Ctr, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Gastroenterol, São Paulo, Brazil Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Infect Dis, São Paulo, Brazil Web of Science

Published
2014
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4. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries - volume 3.

Author

Liakina V, Hamid S, Tanaka J, Olafsson S, Sharara AI, Alavian SM, Gheorghe L, El Hassan ES, Abaalkhail F, Abbas Z, Abdou A, Abourached A, Al Braiki F, Al Hosani F, Al Jaberi K, Al Khatry M, Al Mulla MA, Al Quraishi H, Al Rifai A, Al Serkal Y, Alam A, Alashgar HI, Alawadhi S, Al-Dabal L, Aldins P, Alfaleh FZ, Alghamdi AS, Al-Hakeem R, Aljumah AA, Almessabi A, Alqutub AN, Alswat KA, Altraif I, Alzaabi M, Andrea N, Assiri AM, Babatin MA, Baqir A, Barakat MT, Bergmann OM, Bizri AR, Blach S, Chaudhry A, Choi MS, Diab T, Djauzi S, El Khoury S, Estes C, Fakhry S, Farooqi JI, Fridjonsdottir H, Gani RA, Ghafoor Khan A, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Gregorcic S, Hajarizadeh B, Han KH, Hasan I, Hashim A, Horvath G, Hunyady B, Husni R, Jafri W, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Karlsdottir B, Kim DY, Kim YS, Koutoubi Z, Lesmana LA, Lim YS, Löve A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malekzadeh R, Matičič M, Memon MS, Merat S, Mokhbat JE, Mourad FH, Muljono DH, Nawaz A, Nugrahini N, Priohutomo S, Qureshi H, Rassam P, Razavi H, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Rozentale B, Sadik M, Saeed K, Salamat A, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Sanityoso Sulaiman A, Sayegh RA, Schmelzer JD, Sibley A, Siddiq M, Siddiqui AM, Sigmundsdottir G, Sigurdardottir B, Speiciene D, Sulaiman A, Sultan MA, Taha M, Tarifi H, Tayyab G, Tolmane I, Ud Din M, Umar M, Valantinas J, Videčnik-Zorman J, Yaghi C, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf MA, Zuberi BF, and Gunter J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genotype, Global Health, Hepacivirus classification, Hepatitis C, Chronic diagnosis, Hepatitis C, Chronic therapy, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Liver Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Young Adult, Hepacivirus isolation & purification, Hepatitis C, Chronic epidemiology, Hepatitis C, Chronic virology
Abstract

Detailed, country-specific epidemiological data are needed to characterize the burden of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection around the world. With new treatment options available, policy makers and public health officials must reconsider national strategies for infection control. In this study of 15 countries, published and unpublished data on HCV prevalence, viraemia, genotype, age and gender distribution, liver transplants and diagnosis and treatment rates were gathered from the literature and validated by expert consensus in each country. Viraemic prevalence in this study ranged from 0.2% in Iran and Lebanon to 4.2% in Pakistan. The largest viraemic populations were in Pakistan (7 001 000 cases) and Indonesia (3 187 000 cases). Injection drug use (IDU) and a historically unsafe blood supply were major risk factors in most countries. Diagnosis, treatment and liver transplant rates varied widely between countries. However, comparison across countries was difficult as the number of cases changes over time. Access to reliable data on measures such as these is critical for the development of future strategies to manage the disease burden., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2015
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5. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with today's treatment paradigm - volume 3.

Author

Sibley A, Han KH, Abourached A, Lesmana LA, Makara M, Jafri W, Salupere R, Assiri AM, Goldis A, Abaalkhail F, Abbas Z, Abdou A, Al Braiki F, Al Hosani F, Al Jaberi K, Al Khatry M, Al Mulla MA, Al Quraishi H, Al Rifai A, Al Serkal Y, Alam A, Alavian SM, Alashgar HI, Alawadhi S, Al-Dabal L, Aldins P, Alfaleh FZ, Alghamdi AS, Al-Hakeem R, Aljumah AA, Almessabi A, Alqutub AN, Alswat KA, Altraif I, Alzaabi M, Andrea N, Babatin MA, Baqir A, Barakat MT, Bergmann OM, Bizri AR, Blach S, Chaudhry A, Choi MS, Diab T, Djauzi S, El Hassan ES, El Khoury S, Estes C, Fakhry S, Farooqi JI, Fridjonsdottir H, Gani RA, Ghafoor Khan A, Gheorghe L, Gottfredsson M, Gregorcic S, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hamid S, Hasan I, Hashim A, Horvath G, Hunyady B, Husni R, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Karlsdottir B, Kim DY, Kim YS, Koutoubi Z, Liakina V, Lim YS, Löve A, Maimets M, Malekzadeh R, Matičič M, Memon MS, Merat S, Mokhbat JE, Mourad FH, Muljono DH, Nawaz A, Nugrahini N, Olafsson S, Priohutomo S, Qureshi H, Rassam P, Razavi H, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Rozentale B, Sadik M, Saeed K, Salamat A, Sanai FM, Sanityoso Sulaiman A, Sayegh RA, Sharara AI, Siddiq M, Siddiqui AM, Sigmundsdottir G, Sigurdardottir B, Speiciene D, Sulaiman A, Sultan MA, Taha M, Tanaka J, Tarifi H, Tayyab G, Tolmane I, Ud Din M, Umar M, Valantinas J, Videčnik-Zorman J, Yaghi C, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf MA, Zuberi BF, and Schmelzer JD

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cost of Illness, Female, Global Health, Hepatitis C, Chronic mortality, Hepatitis C, Chronic therapy, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Survival Analysis, Viremia mortality, Viremia therapy, Young Adult, Hepacivirus isolation & purification, Hepatitis C, Chronic epidemiology, Hepatitis C, Chronic virology, Models, Statistical, Viremia epidemiology, Viremia virology
Abstract

The total number, morbidity and mortality attributed to viraemic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections change over time making it difficult to compare reported estimates from different years. Models were developed for 15 countries to quantify and characterize the viraemic population and forecast the changes in the infected population and the corresponding disease burden from 2014 to 2030. With the exception of Iceland, Iran, Latvia and Pakistan, the total number of viraemic HCV infections is expected to decline from 2014 to 2030, but the associated morbidity and mortality are expected to increase in all countries except for Japan and South Korea. In the latter two countries, mortality due to an ageing population will drive down prevalence, morbidity and mortality. On the other hand, both countries have already experienced a rapid increase in HCV-related mortality and morbidity. HCV-related morbidity and mortality are projected to increase between 2014 and 2030 in all other countries as result of an ageing HCV-infected population. Thus, although the total number of HCV countries is expected to decline in most countries studied, the associated disease burden is expected to increase. The current treatment paradigm is inadequate if large reductions in HCV-related morbidity and mortality are to be achieved., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2015
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6. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden - volume 3.

Author

Alfaleh FZ, Nugrahini N, Matičič M, Tolmane I, Alzaabi M, Hajarizadeh B, Valantinas J, Kim DY, Hunyady B, Abaalkhail F, Abbas Z, Abdou A, Abourached A, Al Braiki F, Al Hosani F, Al Jaberi K, Al Khatry M, Al Mulla MA, Al Quraishi H, Al Rifai A, Al Serkal Y, Alam A, Alashgar HI, Alavian SM, Alawadhi S, Al-Dabal L, Aldins P, Alghamdi AS, Al-Hakeem R, Aljumah AA, Almessabi A, Alqutub AN, Alswat KA, Altraif I, Andrea N, Assiri AM, Babatin MA, Baqir A, Barakat MT, Bergmann OM, Bizri AR, Chaudhry A, Choi MS, Diab T, Djauzi S, El Hassan ES, El Khoury S, Estes C, Fakhry S, Farooqi JI, Fridjonsdottir H, Gani RA, Ghafoor Khan A, Gheorghe L, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Gregorcic S, Gunter J, Hamid S, Han KH, Hasan I, Hashim A, Horvath G, Husni R, Jafri W, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Karlsdottir B, Kim YS, Koutoubi Z, Lesmana LA, Liakina V, Lim YS, Löve A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malekzadeh R, Memon MS, Merat S, Mokhbat JE, Mourad FH, Muljono DH, Nawaz A, Olafsson S, Priohutomo S, Qureshi H, Rassam P, Razavi H, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Rozentale B, Sadik M, Saeed K, Salamat A, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Sanityoso Sulaiman A, Sayegh RA, Schmelzer JD, Sharara AI, Sibley A, Siddiq M, Siddiqui AM, Sigmundsdottir G, Sigurdardottir B, Speiciene D, Sulaiman A, Sultan MA, Taha M, Tanaka J, Tarifi H, Tayyab G, Ud Din M, Umar M, Videčnik-Zorman J, Yaghi C, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf MA, Zuberi BF, and Blach S

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Asia epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnostic Tests, Routine methods, Diagnostic Tests, Routine statistics & numerical data, Drug Utilization, Europe epidemiology, Female, Hepatitis C, Chronic diagnosis, Hepatitis C, Chronic therapy, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Liver Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Middle East epidemiology, Prevalence, Young Adult, Communicable Disease Control methods, Hepatitis C, Chronic epidemiology, Hepatitis C, Chronic prevention & control, Models, Statistical
Abstract

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 15 countries in Europe, the Middle East and Asia, and the relative impact of two scenarios was considered: increased treatment efficacy while holding the annual number of treated patients constant and increased treatment efficacy and an increased annual number of treated patients. Increasing levels of diagnosis and treatment, in combination with improved treatment efficacy, were critical for achieving substantial reductions in disease burden. A 90% reduction in total HCV infections within 15 years is feasible in most countries studied, but it required a coordinated effort to introduce harm reduction programmes to reduce new infections, screening to identify those already infected and treatment with high cure rate therapies. This suggests that increased capacity for screening and treatment will be critical in many countries. Birth cohort screening is a helpful tool for maximizing resources. Among European countries, the majority of patients were born between 1940 and 1985. A wider range of birth cohorts was seen in the Middle East and Asia (between 1925 and 1995)., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2015
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