1. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particle vaccine protects nonhuman primates from intramuscular and aerosol challenge with ebolavirus.
- Author
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Herbert AS, Kuehne AI, Barth JF, Ortiz RA, Nichols DK, Zak SE, Stonier SW, Muhammad MA, Bakken RR, Prugar LI, Olinger GG, Groebner JL, Lee JS, Pratt WD, Custer M, Kamrud KI, Smith JF, Hart MK, and Dye JM
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Ebolavirus genetics, Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine physiology, Genetic Vectors genetics, Genetic Vectors physiology, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola immunology, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola virology, Humans, Macaca fascicularis, Vaccination, Viral Envelope Proteins administration & dosage, Viral Envelope Proteins genetics, Viral Envelope Proteins immunology, Viral Vaccines administration & dosage, Viral Vaccines genetics, Ebolavirus immunology, Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine genetics, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola prevention & control, Replicon, Viral Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
There are no vaccines or therapeutics currently approved for the prevention or treatment of ebolavirus infection. Previously, a replicon vaccine based on Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) demonstrated protective efficacy against Marburg virus in nonhuman primates. Here, we report the protective efficacy of Sudan virus (SUDV)- and Ebola virus (EBOV)-specific VEEV replicon particle (VRP) vaccines in nonhuman primates. VRP vaccines were developed to express the glycoprotein (GP) of either SUDV or EBOV. A single intramuscular vaccination of cynomolgus macaques with VRP expressing SUDV GP provided complete protection against intramuscular challenge with SUDV. Vaccination against SUDV and subsequent survival of SUDV challenge did not fully protect cynomolgus macaques against intramuscular EBOV back-challenge. However, a single simultaneous intramuscular vaccination with VRP expressing SUDV GP combined with VRP expressing EBOV GP did provide complete protection against intramuscular challenge with either SUDV or EBOV in cynomolgus macaques. Finally, intramuscular vaccination with VRP expressing SUDV GP completely protected cynomolgus macaques when challenged with aerosolized SUDV, although complete protection against aerosol challenge required two vaccinations with this vaccine.
- Published
- 2013
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