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Background and Objective: Identifying the risk factors for the conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery is necessary and essential. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the thickness of the gallbladder wall before the operation of cholecystectomy and the rate of conversion to open surgery. Subjects and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study 1104 patients, including age, sex, gallbladder thickness, and disease history of the case were extracted. Then, the thickness of the gallbladder was compared with those who completed laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the group that had open-laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: 1104 patients were entered the study. 765 women (69.3%) and 339 men (30.7%) were female. Mean age of patients in conversion group was 45.49±8.9 years. Conversion to open surgery occurred in 104 (9.4%) including 67 female (6.06%) and 37 male (3.35%). In 326 cases of ultrasonography, patients had a pre-surgical increase in thickness of the gallbladder wall. There was no significant relationship between age, sex, and conversion (P≥0.05) (P=0.26), but between emergency surgery and gallbladder wall thickness a meaningful difference was found. (P≤0.05). Conclusion: According to the study's results, gall bladder wall thickness had a direct relation to conversion rate to open surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]