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The processing of mining products in indonesia has not been utilized optimally. One of them is manganese ore. Way kanan is one of indonesia's potential manganese ore sites. The manganese leaching study used a -200 mesh way kanan manganese ore that was reacted with sulfuric acid at concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.5 M, and 1 M, as well as corncob as a reductant. To separate the dissolved iron in the leaching process, the manganese sulfate solution was purified with sodium hydroxide and then filtered to have a manganese sulfate solution free of iron. Manganese was precipitated using oxalic acid. The manganese oxalate precipitation was calcined at a temperature of 350 °c for two hours. The best manganese extraction obtained at 92.3% was at a sulfuric acid concentration of 1 M, a temperature of 80 °c, and a solution volume of 400 ml. Calcination of manganese oxalate converted the material into hausmannite (Mn3O4).

Sintesis nanopartikel ZnO dari limbah industri baja telah dilakukan menggunakan metode hidrotermal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu (120, 150 dan 200°C) dan waktu pemanasan (1, 3, dan 6 jam) terhadap komposisi kimia, struktur kristal, ukuran partikel dan morfologi dari produk ZnO yang dihasilkan. Karakterisasi yang digunakan ialah Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-Ray Fluoresence (XRF) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Proses hidrotermal menghasilkan produk nanopartikel dengan kemurnian tinggi dan ukuran partikel < 100nm dengan suhu hidrotermal yang optimum adalah 150oC selama waktu penahanan 3 jam. Dari hasil karakterisasi XRF diketahui bahwa kadar Zn adalah yang paling dominan yaitu sebesar 98,434%. Selanjutnya, pada karakterisasi XRD diperoleh fasa murni ZnO yaitu zincite dengan nilai 2θ sebesar 36,23° dan ukuran partikel sebesar 33,36 nm dengan morfologi yang terbentuk batang heksagonal (nanorods) seperti yang diperoleh pada karakterisasi FE-SEM.