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The diabetes, as a risk factor to develop oral disease, has always been very discussed, although it seems that at the moment it is accepted that the prevalence of periodontal disease is higher in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) than in healthy patients, and higher in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (PIDD) that in controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (CIDD), so that this negligence can conspire against health in general. In diabetic patients complex biological, psychological and social transformations occur, which is why it is necessary to provide comprehensive medical care to this population group . On the base of such reflections, the pertinent bibliography was revised on some elementary questions in this respect. In diabetic patients, complex biological, psychological and social transformations take place. Based on these reflections, the pertinent bibliography was reviewed. KEY WORDS: diabetes mellitus; oral health; education; risk

Objetive: To identify the periodontal status of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: A descriptive and cross- sectional study was conducted in 125 adult patients of the medical clinic from the family No. 33, belonging to the Educational Policlinic "Julian Grimau", in the city of Santiago from Cuba, during one year. The Periodontal Index of Russell was used to determine the severity of the periodontal illness and the Index of quantitative analysis of Love to specify the degree of buccal hygiene. Results : The present research showed that most of the patients were female (92.5%), prevailing the established periodontitis for a (53.0%). Conclusions: In diabetic patients there is an increment on the severity of periodontal disease and the oral hygiene was deficient. It is recommended to generate educational interventions in diabetic patients to improve their oral hygiene.