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Cilj istraživanja bio je usporediti hranjivu vrijednost sjemena triju sorti lupine Boregine (angustifolium), Dieta (bijela) i Dukat (žuta) posijane na poljima SZP VFU Brno, Nový Jičín. Količina sirovih bjelančevina (NL) u suhoj tvari uzorka sjemena Boregine iznosila je 331,50 g/kg, Dieta 391,39 g/kg i 431,00 g/kg za Dukat. Sortu Dieta karakterizirao je visoki sadržaj masti 85,97 g/kg u usporedbi sa sortom Boregine 50,39 g/kg i Dukat 45,5 g/kg. Sadržaj masti odgovara i sadržaju ukupne energije (BE), koji je bio kod sorte Boregine 19,69 MJ/kg, Dieta 20,85 MJ/kg i Dukat 19,96 MJ/kg. Sorta Dieta imala je i najniži sadržaj sirove vlaknine i to 106,14 g/kg, u usporedbi s Boregine 160,85 g/kg i Dukat 166,51 g/kg. Sjemenke žute lupine Dukat odlikovale su se najnižim sadržajem NET-a 301,67 g/kg i škroba 56,23 g/kg u odnosu na sjemenke Diete 370,54 g/kg i 83,28 g/kg i Boregine 415,19 g/kg i 98,65 g/kg. Sorta Dukat sadržala je najviše pepela 54,97 g/kg, P 9,47 g/kg i Mg 3,76 g/kg u odnosu na druge sorte. Kakvoća bjelančevina procijenjena na temelju zastupljenosti pojedinih aminokiselina (AA spektra), kod navedenih sorti lupine razlikuje se minimalno. Razlika je samo kvantitativna. Najviše AA (Σ AA) sadržavalo je sjemenje Dukat 400,18 g/kg, pa Dieta 365,50 g/kg te Boregine 294,49 g/kg. Usporediva kakvoća bjelančevina u postotku zastupljenosti AA iz Σ AA bila je kod sorte Boregine (zastupljenost esencijalnih i neesencijalnih aminokiselina) 46,41% i 53,59%, kod sorte Dieta 45,75% i 54,25% te kod sorte Dukat 46,47% i 53,53%. Najveća razlika između pojedinih sorti zabilježena je kod nutritivne vrijednosti masti procijenjenoj prema zastupljenosti pojedinih masnih kiselina (FA). Kao najbolje ulje pokazalo se ulje bijele sorte Dieta, koje je sadržavalo najviše n-3 FA 7,960 g/kg ulja (6,843 g/kg sjemena) u usporedbi sa sortom Boregine 3,690 g/kg ulja (1,859 g/ kg sjemena) ili sortom Dukat 6,020 g/kg ulja (2,760 g/kg sjemena). Kod sorte Dieta najbolji dijetetski omjer n-3 FA: n-6 FA bio je 1: 1,45 u odnosu na sortu Dukat 1: 6,82 ili sortu Boregine 1: 9,28, The aim of the research was to compare nutritive value of the seed of three lupine varieties: Boregine (angustifolium), Dieta (white) and Dukat (yellow) sown in the fields SZP VFU Brno Novy Jičin. The difference in lupine varieties was char¬acterized mainly by the increase of crude protein (NL) in the dry matter of a seed sample: 331.59 g/kg (Boregine), 391.39 g/kg (Dieta) and 431.00 g/kg (Dukat). The Dieta variety was characterized by high fat content (85.97 g/kg),when com¬pared with the varieties Boregine (50.39 g/kg) and Dukat (45.85 g/kg).The fat con¬tent supports the total energy content (BE) which was 19.69 Mj/kg in Boregine, 20.85 Mj/kg in Dieta and 19.96 Mj/kg in Dukat. The variety Diety had the low¬est raw fiber content (106.14 g/kg) when compared to Boregine (160.85 g/kg) and Dukat (166.51 g/kg). The seeds of yellow lupine Dukat had the lowest NET (301.67 g/kg) and starch (56.23 g/kg) content when compared to the seeds of Dieta (370.54 and 83.28 g/kg respectively) and Boregine (415.19 g/kg and 98.65 g/kg respectively). The variety Dukat contained the highest amount of ash (54.97 g/kg, P 9.47g/kg and 3.76 Mg g/kg) with respect to other lupine varieties. The protein quality evaluation based on the representation of amino acids (AA spectrum) in the lupine varieties differed minimally. The difference was only quantitative. Most AA(E AA) was found in Dukat (400.18 g/kg) followed by Dieta (365.50 g/kg) and Boregine (294.49 /kg).The comparable protein quality in representation percentage in AA from EAA was in Boregine (representation of essential and non-essential amino ac¬ids) 46.41% and 53.59%, in Dieta 45.75 and 54.25% and in Dukat 46.47% 53.53%. The greatest difference among varieties was observed in nutritive value of fat and was evaluated according to the representation of fatty acids (FA). The oil of white lupine Diety showed to be the best containing the highest n-3 FA 7.960 g/100g of oil (6.843 g/kg of seed) when compared to Boregine 3.690 g/100g of oil (1.859 g 1kg of seed). In Dieta the best dietary ratio of n-3 FA : n-6 FA was 1 : 1.45 with respect to Dukat 1: 6.82 or Boregine 1 : 9.28.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of selected oils from the market in the Czech Republic by monitoring the fatty acids content during storage.The work was focused on oils widely used in animal nutrition as well as dietary supplements. Chosen oils: rapeseed, soybean, linseed and milk thistle were purchased in a health food store, salmon oil derived from a feed store. The fatty acids content in oils and changes in the composition during storage under various conditions were monitored. Fatty acids were detected in oils by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Individual fatty acids were divided into groups: saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA). SFA were most frequently found in salmon oil, most of PUFA was found in linseed oil and rapeseed oil contained the most of MUFA (15.4-16.6%, 77.3-77.5%, 64.5-64.8%,respectively). Oils stored in various conditions and storage periods did not show significant changes in the fatty acids composition. Mentioned oils are characterized and known by some fatty acids, although results show that they do not always have to be included in the expected quantities., Cilj ovog rada bio je ocijeniti kakvoću odabranih ulja na tržištu Češke Republike kontroliranjem sadržaja masnih kiselina za vrijeme uskladištenja. Rad je bio usredotočen na najviše upotrebljavana ulja u hranidbi životinja kao i ulja korištena kao dodatak hrani. Odabrana ulja repice, soje, lana i mliječne koprive kupljena su u trgovini zdrave hrane a lososovo ulje u trgovini hrane. Kontroliran je sadržaj masnih kiselina u uljima, te promjene sastava za vrijeme skladištenja u raznim uvjetima. Masne kiseline su određene u uljima plinskom kromatografijom s detektorom ionizacije pomoću plamena (GC-FID). Pojedine masne kiseline podijeljene su u skupine:zasićene (SFA), mononezasićene (MUFA) i polinezasićene (PUFA). SFA su najčešće nađene u ulju lososa, većina PUFA bila je u lanenom ulju, a repičino ulje sadržavalo je većinom MUFA (15,4-16,6%,77,3-77,5%,64,5-64,8%). Ulje uskladišteno u raznim uvjetima i trajanju skladištenja ne pokazuju značajne promjene u sastavu masnih kiselina. Spomenuta ulja karakteriziraju i poznata su po nekim masnim kiselinama, iako rezultati pokazuju da ona ne moraju uvijek biti u očekivanim količinama.

U radu je istražen sastav masnih kiselina u mesu biserke (Numida meleagris), običnog fazana (Phasianus colchicus), japanske prepelice (Coturnix coturnix japonica), jarebice čukare (Alectoris chucar), trčke skvržulje (Perdix perdix) i divljeg purana (Meleagris gallopavo). Istražena je razlika između sastava masnih kiselina u prsnom mišiću i mišićju buta svake vrste posebno, a dobivene razlike uspoređene su i između svih vrsta. U mastima istraživanih vrsta pernate divljači praćen je sadržaj zasićenih i nazasićenih masnih kiselina te sadržaj pojedinačnih masnih kiselina iz skupine MUFA i PUFA. S aspekta ishrane ljudi interes je bio usmjeren posebice na sadržaj masnih kiselina iz skupine ω-9, ω-6 i ω-3 te na međusobni odnos ω-3/ω-6 masnih kiselina. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata istraživanja procijenjena je nutritivna vrijednost masti u mesu navedene pernate divljači., The study evaluates fatty acid composition of fat in meat of six species of feathered game – helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris), the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), chukar partridge (Alectoris chucar), the grey partridge (Perdix perdix) and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). Attention was paid to the differences between breast and thigh muscles as well as to the differences between the particular species of feathered game. We monitored the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and the individual fatty acids content from MUFA and PUFA families. With regard to human nutrition, we paid attention to the ω-9, ω-6 and ω-3 acids content and especially to the ratio of ω-3 to ω-6 fatty acids. Based on our results, we evaluated the nutritional value of fat in meat of these species of feathered game in relation to the human nutrition.

U radu se na temelju vlastitih istraživanja procjenjuje hranidbena vrijednost jedanaest sorti graška (Pisum sativum L.); Zekon, Herold, Sponsor, Hardy, Terno, Baryton, Tudor, Concorde, Proplet, Slovan i Sully. Dobiveni rezultati uspoređuju se s hranidbenom vrijednošću osam sorti soje; Rita, Tundra, Moravia, Quito, Eirin, Korada, Bohemia i Vision. Kako se u istraživanju procjenjuju bjelančevinasta krmiva u svim navedenim sortama određena je količina sirove bjelančevine a njena kakvoća ocijenjena je prema sastavu esencijalnih aminokiselina. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata izvršena je procjena međusortne varijabilnosti i dat prijedlog za najpogodnije sorte graška s aspekta hranidbe životinja., In the present study the existing knowledge about the utilization of pea in livestock nutrition is reviewed. Based on our analysis, the nutritional value of 11 pea varieties (Pisum sativum L.) - Zekon, Herold, Sponsor, Hardy, Terno, Baryton, Tudor, Concorde, Proplet, Slovan and Sully was evaluated. The results were compared with the nutritional value of 8 soybean varieties - Rita, Tundra, Moravia, Quito, Eirin, Korada, Bohemia and Vision. Since peas are used as high protein feed, attention was paid especially to the crude proteins content and their quality, which was evaluated based on the individual amino acids content. Finally the intervarietal variability was evaluated, and the most favorable pea varieties in relation to animal nutrition were suggested.

Istražena je hranidbena vrijednost u Europi najviše korištenih biljnih ulja 5 vrsta uljarica: uljane repice (Brassica napus L.), običnog suncokreta (Helianthus annuus L.), vrtnog maka (Papaver somniferum L.), običnog lana (Linum usitatissimum L.) i soje (Soja hispida Moench) te njihovih najznačajnijih sorti. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se je u repicinom ulju kod svih sorti odnos ω3 FA : ω6 FA kretao u poželjnom rasponu (1:5). Suncokretovo ulje sadržavalo je prije svega ω 6 masne kiseline (FA), osobito linolnu i njezin izomer linol-elaidinsku kiselinu (C 18:2n6c + C 18:2n6t) dok je sadržaj ω 3 masnih kiselina (α linolenska C 18:3n3) bio nizak. Laneno ulje predivih sorti lana sadržavalo je veću količinu ω 3 FA (α linolenska) i manju ω 6 FA (linolna/linol-elaidinska) pa je odnos ω 3 FA : ω 6 FA (1 : 0,3) bio idealan. Ove pozitivne dijetetske osobine nisu imala ulja ostalih sorti lana, osobito sorte Jantar, Amon i Lola. Makovo ulje, koje se zbog ugodnog okusa koristi prije svega u prehrambenoj industriji s nutritivnog gledišta predstavljalo je izvor ω 6 FA (linolne/linol-lelaidinske kiseline) te slično kao i suncokretovo ulje imalo nepovoljan odnos ω 3 FA i ω 6 FA. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se sojino ulje može s dijetetskog gledišta ocijeniti kao kvalitetno ulje za prehranu ljudi i životinja. Sadrži dovoljnu količinu ω 6 (linolna kiselina i njezin izomer linol-elaidinska kiselina C 18:2n6c + C 18:2n6t) i ω 3 masnih kiselina (α linolenska C 18:3n3) koje su u optimalnom odnosu., Nutritional value of oil of five oil plants most frequently used in Europe: oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), poppy (Papaver somniferum L.), flax (Linim usitatisssimum L.) and soya (Soja hispida) and their most important varieties were investigated. The results obtained show that in rapeseed oil of all varieties the ratio ω3 FA : ω6 FA ranged favourably (1:5). Sunflower oil contained first of all fatty acids ω6, particularly the linoleic acid and its isomer linol-elaeodonic acid (C 18:2n6c+ C 18:2n6t) while the amount of ω3 fatty acids (a linolenic C 18:33n3) was low. Linseed oil of fiber flax varieties contained a higher amount of ω3 FA (α linolenic) and a lower amount of ω6 FA (linoleic/linolelaeodonic), so the ratio ω3FA:ω6FA (1:0.3) was ideal. These positive dietary properties were not found in oils of other flax varieties, particularly the varieties Jantar, Amon and Lola. Poppy seed oil which, owing to its flavour, is used in food industry, nutritionally represents the source of ω6 FA (linoleic/elaeodonic acid) and like sunflower oil had an unfavourable ratio of ω3 FA and ω6 FA. The results of investigations also show that soya bean oil can, from the dietary point of view, be considered good in the diet of both people and animals. It contains a sufficient amount of ω6 (linoleic acid and its isomer linol-elaeodonic acid C 18:2n6c + C 18:2n6t) and ω3 fatty acids (α linolenic C 18:3n3) which are in the optimal ratio.

Cilj ovog rada bila je usporedba klaoničkog randmana i randmana značajnih organa i tkiva između šest vrsta pernate divljači: divljeg purana (Meleagris gallopavo), biserke (Numida meleagris), čukare (Alectoris chucar), japanske prepelice (Coturnix coturnix japonica), običnog fazana (Phasianus colchicus) i trčke skvržulje (Perdix perdix). U svrhu istraživanja u siječnju 2007. godine od svake je vrste zaklano i analizirano10 ptica (5 mužjaka i 5 ženki). Navedena pernata divljač uzgojena je pod istim uvjetima u uzgajalištu peradi u Jinačovice (Češka republika), u uzgojnom centru u sklopu Veterinarskog i farmaceutskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Brnu. Pernata divljač uzgajana je u volijerama s istovjetnim sustavom hranjenja i pojenja, a za istraživanje odabrana je metodom slučajnog izbora. Odmah nakon odabira pernata divljač je izvagana, zaklana i klaonički obrađene na klasičan način, slično kao i pilići u tovu. Posebna pozornost posvećena je masi trupa, vrata, srca, jetre, želuca, abdominalne masti, prsnih mišića, bataka (s kožom i bez kože), zabataka, te muskulaturi zabataka i bataka. Na temelju dobivenih podataka, s obzirom na živu masu pernate divljači izračunat je klaonički randman i randman pojedinačnih organa i tkiva. Iz dobivenih rezultata istraživanja proizlazi da su razlike u klaoničkom randmanu i randmanu istraživanih organa i tkiva meču pojedinim vrstama pernate divljači značajne (P< 0,05). Najveći klaonički randman utvrđen je kod prepelica (71,14 %), nešto niži kod biserki (70,61 %), običnog fazana (69,74 %), trčke skvržulje (69,09 %) i čukare (68,92 %), a najniži kod divljeg purana (67,99 %). Značajne razlike (P, The aim of this study was to compare the slaughter dressing and the dressing of characteristic organs and tissues of six breeds of wildfowl: wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris), chukor (Alectoris chucar), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and grey partridge (Perdix perdix). For the purpose of the study, in January 2007, 10 birds of each species were slaughtered (5 males and 5 females)and analysed. The birds were bred in equal conditions in the breeding centre of the Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Faculty, University in Brno. The birds were bred in roosts applying equal system of feeding and watering systems and were randomly selected for the study. Immediately following the selection the birds were weighed, slaughtered and processed in the conventional method, similar to that in chickens intended for slaughter. A special attention was paid to the weight of the trunk, neck, heart, liver, stomach, abdominal fat, breast muscles, drumsticks (with and without skin), upper legs and the muscles of the upper legs and drumsticks. On the ground of the data obtained with respect to the live weights of the birds, slaughter dressing and the dressing of individual organs and tissue were calculated. The results obtained show that differences in slaughter dressing and the dressing of the investigated organs and tissue between some breeds are significant (P

Istraživanje je provedeno s ciljem da se ukaže na razlike u hranjivom i biološki djelatnom sastavu pojedinih sorti uljane repice. Pozornost je posebno posvećena sadržaju dušičnih tvari i aminokiselina, s ciljem da se uljana repica iskoristi kao odgovarajući izvor bjelančevina u hranidbi farmskih životinja. U ovom radu navedeni su rezultati vlastitih istraživanja 26 sorti uljane repice, žetva 2006. Za objektivnu međusobnu usporedbu analiziranih sorti sadržaj pojedinačnih tvari, uključujući aminokiseline izražen je u 100 % suhe tvari. Kod analiziranih sorti uljane repice količina pojedinačnih sastojaka kretala se u 100% suhe tvari u rasponu: bjelančevine 203,6 – 238,0 g/kg, masti: 314,9 –422,0 g/kg, masti nakon hidrolize: 441,7 – 508,5 g/kg, sirova vlaknina 172,1 – 238,7 g/kg, ADF 111,3 – 149, 6 g/kg, ADL 38,6 – 67,8 g/kg, NDF 243,4 – 315,3 g/kg, NET 137,7 – 203,7 g/kg, škrob 32,5 – 40,4 g/kg, organske tvari 951,3 – 958,9 g/kg, pepeo 41,1 – 48,7 g/kg, kalcij 4,6 – 6,7 g/kg, fosfor 6,5 – 8,6 g/kg, magnezij 2,0 – 3,5 g/kg i bruto energija 27,6 – 28,6 MJ/kg. Na temelju rezultata analize aminokiselina može se zaključiti da su razlike u sadržaju aminokiselina kod pojedinačnih sorata uljane repice vrlo velike. Kod analiziranih sorata uljane repice varijabilnost izražena u 100% suhe tvari uzorka iznosila je: Asparaginska kiselina 10,0 – 16,9 g/kg, treonin 5,5 – 10, 0 g/kg, serin 5,6 – 9,9 g/kg, glutaminska kiselina 23,4 – 38,2 g/kg, prolin 1,8 – 16,4 g/kg, glicin 6,5 – 12,2 g/kg, alanin 3,2 – 11,0 g/kg, valin 7,8 – 12,5 g/kg, metionin 1,6 – 4,4 g/kg, izoleucin 5,7 – 9,5 g/kg, leucin 9,9 – 16,7 g/kg, tirozin 4,1 – 6,6 g/kg, fenilalanin 5,8 – 9,7 g/kg, histidin 4,0 – 6,5 g/kg, lizin 10,1 – 14,6 g/kg, arginin 10,2 – 16,9 g/kg. Na temelju rezultata analiza provedenih u ovom istraživanju može se zaključiti da se sadržaj hranjivih tvari u različitim sortama uljane repice nije međusobno razlikovao dok su naprotiv, rezultati analiza aminokiselina ukazali na veće razlike među pojedinim sortama uljane repice., The aim of the study was to show differences in basic substances contained in seeds including amino acids of several varieties of rapeseed. Attention was particularly focussed on the levels of nitrogen-containing substances and amino acids in order to find out whether rapeseed can be used as a suitable source of protein diet for farm animals. The work provides the results of analyses of 26 species of winter rapeseed harvested in 2006. The levels of individual substances including amino acids are related to 100% of dry matter to allow the objective comparison of individual varieties analysed. The levels of substances analysed in winter rapeseed varieties (related to 100% dry matter) varied as follows: proteins -203.6 – 238.0 g/kg, fat – 314.9 – 422.0 g/kg, fat following hydrolysis 441.7 – 508.5 g/kg, fibre - 172.1 – 238.7 g/kg, ADF - 111.3 – 149.6 g/kg, ADL -38.6 – 67.8 g/kg, NDF 243.4 – 315.3 g/kg, nitrogenfree extracted substances 137.7 – 203.7 g/kg, starch – 32.5 – 40.4 g/kg, organic mass –951.3 – 958.9 g/kg, ash – 41.1 – 48.7 g/kg, calcium 4.6 – 6.7 g/kg, phosphorus 6.5 – 8.6 g/kg, magnesium - 2.0 – 3.5 g/kg, and gross energy -27.6 – 28.6 MJ/kg. Aminoanalysis shows that individual rapeseed varieties differ significantly in the amino acids content which confirms qualitative differences in protein composition of individual varieties. We found variability in individual amino acids among the rapeseed varieties investigated (related to 100% of dry matter in a sample): aspartic acid -10.0 – 16.9 g/kg, threonine - 5.5 – 10.0 g/kg, serine - 5.6 – 9.9 g/kg, glutamic acid - 23.4 – 38.2 g/kg, proline - 1.8 – 16.4 g/kg, glycine - 6.5 –12.2 g/kg, alanine - 3.2 – 11.0 g/kg, valine - 7.8 – 12.5 g/kg, methionine -1.6 – 4.4 g/kg, isoleucine - 5.7 – 9.5 g/kg, leucine - 9.9 – 16.7 g/kg, tyrosine - 4.1 – 6.6 g/kg, phenylalanine - 5.8 – 9.7 g/kg, histidine - 4.0 – 6.5 g/kg, lysine - 10.1 – 14.6 g/kg, arginine - 10.2 – 16.9 g/kg. It follows from the results obtained that the varieties studied vary great by in the levels of individual amino acids rather than in gross nutrient composition.

Cilj ovog rada bila je usporedba hranjive vrijednosti 16 najznačajnijih sorti sjemena roda LUPINUS, gajenih u europskim uvjetima (PRIMA, LAE, LWA 1, AMIGA, APR 8-2, LAV 8-4, EGHO, V 6-1, ROSE, BORUTA, KARO, JUNO, SONET, ATU, WATT i ANDA). Na temelju kemijskih analiza dokazano je da se navedene sorte međusobno znatno razlikuju u sadržaju pojedinačnih hranjivih tvari. Kod analiziranih hranjivih tvari u 100 % suhoj tvari utvrđene su sljedeće razlike u rasponu od: dušične tvari 303,20 – 451,65 g/kg, masti 50,00 – 135,55 g/kg, vlaknina 101,2 – 173,70 g/kg, tvari bez sadržaja dušika esencijalne 268,50 – 489,00 g/kg, organska masa, 837,28 – 966,80 g/kg, pepeo 33,20 – 52,20 g/kg, kalcij 2,29 – 4,74 g/kg, fosfor 4,36 – 8,15 g/kg i magnezij 1,10 – 3,20 g/kg. Postignuti rezultati ispitivanja uspoređeni su sa sadržajem hranjivih tvari u zrnju soje dviju najčešće korištenih sorti u Europi (KORADA i VISON). Rezultati studije pokazali su da su neke sorte roda Lupinus pogodne za proizvodnju krmnih smjesa., The main aim of this work was to compare the nutritional values of seeds of 16 different major varieties of the genus LUPINUS (PRIMA, LAE, LWA 1, AMIGA, APR 8-2, LAV 8-4, EGHO, V 6-1, ROSE, BORUTA, KARO, JUNO, SONET, ATU, WATT and ANDA) that are currently grown in Europe. Chemical analysis confirmed significant differences among the above mentioned varieties in the levels of individual nutrients. The levels of the monitored nutrients ranged within the following intervals (related to 100% dry matter): nitrogen-containing substances - 303.20 – 451.65 g/kg, fat - 50.00 – 135.55 g/kg, fibre - 101.2 – 173.70 g/kg, nitrogen-free substances (extracted) - 268.50 – 489.00 g/kg, organic matter - 837.28 – 966.80 g/kg, ash - 33.20 – 52.20 g/kg, calcium - 2.29 – 4.74 g/kg, phosphorus - 4.36 – 8.15 g/kg, and magnesium - 1.10 – 3.20 g/kg. The results obtained were compared with the levels of nutrients found in soya beans of the two most commonly grown European varieties (KORÁDA and VISON). In conclusion, the findings of this work suggest that it is advantageous to grow individual varieties of the genus LUPINUS and use their seeds in the nutrition of farm animals.

The main aim of the present work was to find out whether intensive fattening of pheasant poults can provide high-quality pheasant meat. The study is a pilot work in this area because until now pheasant rearing has only produced pheasants for the purpose of hunting. In this experiment three feeding mixtures were designed; nutritional and energetic composition of the mixtures complied with the respective feeding requirements. The feeding mixtures did not contain components originating from animals in order to ensure safety of meat. The growth intensity and the state of health of pheasants reflect the quality of feeding mixtures administered. Thus, on the 90th day the female and male pheasants weighed 0.832 kg and 1.061 kg, respectively. This represents approximately 90 % of the weight of an adult pheasant in natural hunting grounds. Pheasants were in a good state of health as concluded on the basis of a very low mortality rate (4.45 %). Results concerning carcass parameters such as carcass yield and the yield of high-quality tissues (breast and thigh muscles) are very promising. Thus, carcass yields ranged from 71 % to 72 %. The yield of breast muscles at the end of the feeding was 20.43 % in females and 19.66 % in males. The yield of thigh muscles was also high, reaching the level of 20.40 % in females and 20.59 % in males. The above values of carcass yield and the yield of the most valuable muscles obtained in this experiment exceed the values observed in most broiler chickens. Importantly, the experiment showed that despite intensive fattening the pheasant poults did not accumulate abdominal fat. Accumulation of abdominal fat was detected only in some 90-day-old pheasants after slaughter., Cilj ovog rada bio je razmatranje mogućnosti intezivnog tova pilića fazana u svrhu proizvodnje mesa visoke kakvoće. Rad se može smatrati pilot projektom u ovoj problematici, jer uzgoj fazana bio je dosad usmjeren samo za potrebe lova. Za ostvarenje ovog rada sastavljena su tri različita tipa stočne hrane, koji svojim sadržajem hranjivih tvari i eneregetskih vrijednosti ispunjavaju zahtjeve za tov fazana. U pogledu sigurnosti i zdravstvene besprijekornosti proizvodnje mesa, korišteni tipovi stočne hrane pripremljeni su bez životinjskoih sastojaka. Dobiveni rezultati inteziteta rasta te zdravstvenog stanja fazana postignuti su zahvaljujući dobroj kakvoći korištene stočne hrane. Ovim intenzivnim tovom kod pilića fazana starih 90 dana postignuta je prosječna težina od 0,832 kg (ženke), te 1,061 kg (mužjaci), što predstavlja otprilike 90% težine odraslih fazana postignute u prirodnim prostorima za uzgoj. Njihovo zdravstveno stanje može se smatratii dobrim i zbog niskog postotka uginulih fazana - 4.45 %. Veoma pozitivni su rezultati mjerenja korisne mase tijela fazana. Radi se posebno o visokom postotku korisne mase tijela fazana, koji se kreće od 71 % do 72 %. Do sličnih zaključaka došlo se i vrednovanjem postotka korisne mase najkvalitetnijih dijelova tijela fazana, kao što je prsna mišicna masa, čiji je korisni postotak na kraju tova 20.43 % (ženke), te 19.66 % (mužjaci). Gotovo isti rezultati su dobiveni i mjerenjem postotka korisne mase bataka fazana, gdje su dobiveni rezultati kod tovljenih pilića fazana 20.40 % (ženke), te 20.59 % (mužjaci). Gore navedeni parametri postotka korisne mase tijela i najvrednijih dijelova tijela, koji su postignuti ovim pokusom kod fazana namijenjenih za tov, predstavljaju vrijednosti, koje nisu postignute niti kod tovljenih pilića brojlera. Veoma pozitivan rezultat predstavlja činjenica da kod pilića fazana nije dolazilo do taloženja abdominalne masti čak i kod intenzivnog tova. Abdominalna mast počela se javljati tek u 90. danu starosti pilića fazana, i to ne kod svih žrtvovanih pilića.

This work presents the results of chemical analysis of breast and thigh muscles in common pheasants fattened until the age of 90 days, and evaluates changes in the quality of pheasant meat between the 40th and 90th day of fattening. Water content in breast muscles of female pheasants conclusively decreased (P0.05) to 745.41 g/kg on the 90th day of fattening while the dry matter content increased to 254.59 g/kg. A similar trend, i.e. decrease of water content and increase of dry matter level, was observed in males on the 90th day of fattening but the changes were inconclusive. Changes in protein levels (NS) in breast muscles were also inconclusive. The mean protein levels in female pheasants were ca. 229.05 g/kg, in the case of males they ranged from 229.88 g/kg to 245.03 g/kg. The fat content in breast muscles in pheasant poults increased with age. Particularly females exhibited a very conclusive increase in fat content (P0.01) on the 90th day (7.79 g/kg) while in males the fat content increased inconclusively (8.87 g/kg). The levels of ash determined in breast muscles ranged from 12.31 g/kg to 11.62 g/kg and from 12.72 g/kg to 11.72 g/kg in females and males, respectively. This parameter was not significantly affected by the age of young pheasants. The mean water content in thigh muscles ranged between 730.56 g/kg and 759.91 g/kg in females and between 725.03 g/kg and 753.37 g/kg in males. The changes in water content were related to the changes in dry matter levels. The mean protein levels in thigh muscles of female pheasants decreased to 189.90 g/kg on the 90th day of feeding (P0.05), while in males a highly conclusive decrease to 197.92 g/kg (P0.01) was found. Fat levels in both breast and thigh muscles gradually increased. Thus, fat levels in thigh muscles of females increased from 21.06 g/kg (on the 40th day) to 57.49 g/kg (on the 90th day). In the case of males the fat levels increased from 19.66 g/kg (on the 40th day) to 45.24 g/kg (on the 90th day). Similarly, the mean levels of ash ranged from 12.62 g/kg to 12.66 g/kg in females and from 12.82 g/kg to 12.44 g/kg in males. However, no conclusive differences due to the duration of fattening were found., U ovom radu izvršene su analize kemijskog sastava mišićne mase bataka i prsiju kod tovljenja fazana sve do 90. dana starosti, s ciljem razmatranja i vrednovanja izmjena kakvoće proizvedenog mesa u razdoblju između 40. do 90. dana tova fazana. Kod mišićne mase u prsima ženki fazana utvrđeno je (P0,05) smanjenje sadržaja vode u 90. danu tova na 745,41 g/kg, a time i povećanje sadržaja suhe mase na 254,59 g/kg. Sličan trend u pogledu sadržaja vode i suhe mase primijećen je u 90. danu tova mužjaka fazana, s time da ove izmjene nisu dokazive. Nedokazive izmjene zabilježene su kod sadržaja bjelančevina (NL) u prsnoj mišićnoj masi, čije su prosječne vrijednosti varirale kod ženki fazana oko 229,05 g/kg, a kod mužjaka varirale su u rasponu između 229,88 g/kg do 245,03 g/kg. Što su bili pilići stariji, to veći je bio sadržaj masti u mišićnoj masi u prsima, što je bilo veoma očito (P0,01) posebno kod ženki fazana u 90. danu starosti 7,79 g/kg, dok je kod mužjaka zabilježena nedokaziva vrijednost 8,87 g/kg. Kod pepela, čiji se sadržaj u prsnoj mišićnoj masi kretao kod ženki između 12,31 g/kg do 11,62 g/kg, a kod mužjaka između 12,72 g/kg i 11,72 g/kg, u pogledu starosti fazana nisu utvrđene nikakve značajne razlike među prosječnim vrijednostima. Kod mišićne mase bataka fazana sadržaj vode je varirao u rasponu prosječnih vrijednosti, i to kako slijedi: kod ženki fazana između 730,56 g/kg do 759,91 g/kg, a kod mužjaka između 725,03 g/kg do 753,37 g/kg. Za izmjene sadržaja vode logično su vezane i izmjene sadržaja suhe mase. Što se tiče bjelančevina, u butnoj mišićnoj masi fazana dokazano je (P0,05) kod ženki u 90. danu tova smanjenje prosječne vrijednosti na 189,90 g/kg, a kod mužjaka čak veoma očito (dokazivo) smanjenje (P0,01) na 197,92 g/kg. Slično kao kod prsnih mišića te butnih mišića utvrđen je trend postupnog rasta masti kod ženki s 21,06 g/kg (40. dan) na 57,49 g/kg (90. dan), a kod mužjaka s 19,66 g/kg (40. dan) na 45,24 g/kg (90. dan). Isto tako kod pepela, čije su se prosječne vrijednosti kretale u rasponu između 12,62 g/kg i 12,66 g/kg kod ženki fazana, te 12,82 g/kg do 12,44 g/kg kod mužjaka, nisu potvrđene dokazive razlike vezane za vrijeme trajanja tova fazana.