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Background: The use of disease-specific scales would be more valuable for the evaluation of the effects of lymphedema. To manage accordingly, and maintain the optimum quality of life of lymphedema patient, a validated outcome measure is helpful.Objective: To investigate the reliability and validity of Bangla Version of Lymphedema Life Impact Scale Version 2 (B-LLIS V2).Materials and Methods: A structured process that included translation, verification, compromise assessment, reverse translation, feedback, and final correction. B-LLIS V2 reliability and validity were conducted on 52 lymphedema patients. The reliability was evaluated by performing internal consistency and test–retest analyses. Its validity was assessed by comparing the B-LLIS V2 with other scales implying Pearson’s correlation.Results: Internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92 for total score and 0.79, 0.82, 0.80 and 0.78 for physical, psychosocial, functional, and infection respectively. The calculated overall tool score in Intra-class correlation co-efficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability was 0.94 and among subscales, the scores were 0.92, 0.95, 0.91 and 0.93 for physical, Psychosocial, functional, and infection respectively, which signified substantial reliability. The overall values of Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the construct validity were 0.91, 0.78 and 0.86 against reference standard Bengali SF-36 Health Survey, Bangla version of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and Bangla Start Back Screening Tool, and they all were statistically significant.Conclusions: B-LLIS V2 is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of impairment due to lymphedema. KYAMC Journal Vol. 13, No. 04, January 2023: 198-203

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder. Invariably it is co-morbid with psychiatric disorder and is associated with psychosocial stressors. Objectives: To see the association of types of IBS with psychiatric disorders and to assess the association of psychosocial stressors. Materials and methods: It was descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January 2014 to December 2014. Total 250 samples were included in this study those were diagnosed as IBS. Respondents were above 18 years of age of either sex. Sampling technique was consecutive. Results: The patients with psychiatric disorders among IBS patients were 86.4%. Maximum (35.2%) were IBS-D followed by 32.8% IBS-C and 32% IBS-M. Majority (93.2%) presented with stressful life events. Common stressful life events were changing eating habit (25.2%), change in sleeping habit (20.8%) and financial loss or problem (18.8%). Conclusion: Many people remain troubled by symptoms for long term. So, proper psychiatric evaluation is necessary for successful alleviation of the bothering symptoms of such incurable functional illness. KYAMC Journal. 2022;12(04): 200-204

Background: Somatoform and dissociative disorder categories have emerged from a common root, there was no apparent anatomical and physiological basis and which had a temporal relationship to a precipitating event. Objectives: To evaluate and compare of stressful life events of the patients of somatoform disorders and dissociative disorders. Materials and methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study carried out in the outpatient department of Psychiatry, Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College, Sirajganj. The study populations were 100 somatoform disorder and 100 dissociative disorder patients. Data were collected by pre-designed data collection sheet. Then data were edited, cleaned and analyzed. Results: Stressful life events were observed to be significantly more frequent in both the groups. Family conflicts (29%) and sexual problem (16%) were more common in the somatoform disorder group of patients but marital conflict (26%) and death of the close family member (11%) were more common in the dissociative disorder group of patients. This study shows that dissociative disorder patients were observed to experience a variety of life events more than somatoform disorder group of patients. Conclusion: The stressful life events were reported more in dissociative disorder. The results suggest a substantial involvement of stressful life events in genesis of somatoform disorders and dissociative disorders, although no significant difference is noticed. KYAMC Journal Vol. 13, No. 02, July 2022: 63-65

not availableKYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-2, Jan 2015, Page 494-496

Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem with an increasing incidence and prevalence. Outcomes of chronic kidney disease include not only complications of decreased kidney function and cardiovascular disease but also end stage renal failure causing increased morbidity and mortality. The development of acute but serious uremic complications in advanced kidney disease may put the patient's life at risk requiring immediate dialysis. The objective of this study was to find out the outcomes of urgent hemodialysis in advanced kidney disease, the minimum number of hemodialysis required for satisfactory clinical improvement, and to detect uremic emergencies associated with those patients. Twenty two patients with end stage renal failure admitted in a rural tertiary care private hospital of Bangladesh for emergency and short term dialysis were included in this study. For each patient hemodialysis was done at one day interval three times in a week in a dialysis unit. Results show that two sessions of hemodialysis produced 72 % and three sessions, almost 100% clinical recovery at satisfactory level. Urgent hemodialysis was found to be life saving in observed uremic emergencies like acute pulmonary edema, cerebral encephalopathy, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, gross fluid overload and pericardial effusion. Dialysis therapy ameliorates many of the clinical manifestations of renal failure and postpones otherwise imminent death and for these logical reasons it is recommended that dialysis should not be delayed in uremic emergencies for the best interest of clinical outcomes. KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-2, January 2013, Page 277-281 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i2.15167

Background: This quasi-experimental community trial was done through door-to-door health education to find out effect of reducing extra table salt intake on patients with high blood pressure. Material and Method: This study was conducted among 4,930 respondents out of 7,474 population (response rate was 65.96%). Respondents had age 18 years or above living in Mohammadpur area of Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Study period was from August 2005 to February 2009. Intervention was for 18 months on 282 (male 69.5% and female 30.5%) respondents with stage-I hypertension. Respondents on trial had no co-morbidity and they were neither aware about their hypertension nor were ever treated for it. The intervention was given person-to-person to quit extra table salt after signing the informed consent form. Follow-up for selected parameters were done after 6, 12 and 18 month of intervention. Data analysis and interpretation were done through SPSS. Result: Mean Blood Pressure of the respondents was found to be 121/78 mmHg. Overall prevalence of hypertension is 20.1% (JNC-7 criteria). After 18m intervention percent reduction of SBP is -7.0% and DBP is -9.9%. Blood pressure of 14.9% (n=42) went up in spite of behavioural risk reduction. Normal blood pressure was found among 7.8% respondents having stage-I hypertension while 17.7% remained at stage-I but their blood pressure is reduced. Multinominal regression analysis showed chi-square value of 25.8 df 13 p=0.018 between use of extra table salt and systolic blood pressure while the value was 28.684 df 11 p= 0.003 for diastolic blood pressure in a -2 Log Likelihood reduced model. At beginning 44% respondents used extra salt while eating. After 6m, 12m and 18m of intervention, extra salt intake was found among 20.6%, 5.0% and 1.8% respondents respectively. Quantitatively extra salt intake reduced from 63±6.5g per week at beginning to 29±4.6g per week after 18m intervention. Change of salt intake was significantly related to change of both SBP (F= 9.688; p=0.000) and DBP (F=6.544; p=0.002). Quality of life was evaluated for both subjective and objective indices. Conclusion: Reversal of hypertension was 56.7% by lifestyle modification and behavioural changes including salt intake reduction. This study confirmed relation of salt with hypertension and also confirmed reduction of blood pressure after reducing salt intake. This study recommended no extra salt intake for patients at risk or with high blood pressure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v1i2.13314 KYAMC Journal Vol.1(2) January 2011, 48-53

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v1i1.13305KYAMC Journal Vol.1(1) July 2010, 30-33

Sinus histiocytosis with lymphadenopathy is a rare condition of unknown etiology that is characterized by the overproduction of histiocytes accumulating in the lymph node sinuses and in the lymphatics of extranodal sites if involved. Lymph nodes of the neck are the most common place of histiocyte accumulation, although other lymph nodes and organs may involve, as well. The common sites of the disease outside the lymph nodes are skin, soft tissues, upper respiratory tract, the sinuses, kidney, thyroid, small bowel, breast, and bone. Hepatosplenomegaly is uncommon. The symptoms of this disease vary with the site of involvement. It is often referred to as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML). In this article an adult male of 38 years, has been described who presented with bilateral cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy clinically suspected of infectious (tubercular-in the context of our country) or hematological malignant etiology. However on fine needle aspiration cytology, the smears showed many histiocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Biopsy of cervical lymph node showed dilated sinuses filled with histiocytes and lymph node architecture showing inflammatory cells having lymphocytes and histiocytes. These findings were considered consistent with sinus histiocytosis with chronic lymphadenitis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v2i2.13266KYAMC Journal Vol.2(2) January 2012, 205-208

not availableKYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-1, Jul 2014, Page 434-435

A peptic ulcer, also known as peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is the most common ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually acidic and thus extremely painful. It is defined as mucosal erosions equal to or greater than 0.5 cm. As many as 70%-90% of such ulcers are associated with Helicobacter pylori, a spiral-shaped bacterium that lives in the acidic environment of the stomach. KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-2, January 2013, Page 270-272 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i2.15164

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v1i2.13311KYAMC Journal Vol.1(2) January 2011, 36-38

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v1i1.13297KYAMC Journal Vol.1(1) July 2010, 1-2