14 results on '"Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology"'
Search Results
2. Efficacy of a prophylactic adjuvanted bivalent L1 virus-like-particle vaccine against infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: an interim analysis of a phase III double-blind, randomised controlled trial.
- Author
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Paavonen J, Jenkins D, Bosch FX, Naud P, Salmerón J, Wheeler CM, Chow SN, Apter DL, Kitchener HC, Castellsague X, de Carvalho NS, Skinner SR, Harper DM, Hedrick JA, Jaisamrarn U, Limson GA, Dionne M, Quint W, Spiessens B, Peeters P, Struyf F, Wieting SL, Lehtinen MO, and Dubin G more...
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, DNA, Viral drug effects, DNA, Viral isolation & purification, Double-Blind Method, Female, Human papillomavirus 16 pathogenicity, Human papillomavirus 18 pathogenicity, Humans, Papillomavirus Infections complications, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia virology, Human papillomavirus 16 drug effects, Human papillomavirus 18 drug effects, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Vaccines pharmacology, Papillomavirus Vaccines therapeutic use, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: The aim of this interim analysis of a large, international phase III study was to assess the efficacy of an AS04 adjuvanted L1 virus-like-particle prophylactic candidate vaccine against infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in young women., Methods: 18,644 women aged 15-25 years were randomly assigned to receive either HPV16/18 vaccine (n=9319) or hepatitis A vaccine (n=9325) at 0, 1, and 6 months. Of these women, 88 were excluded because of high-grade cytology and 31 for missing cytology results. Thus, 9258 women received the HPV16/18 vaccine and 9267 received the control vaccine in the total vaccinated cohort for efficacy, which included women who had prevalent oncogenic HPV infections, often with several HPV types, as well as low-grade cytological abnormalities at study entry and who received at least one vaccine dose. We assessed cervical cytology and subsequent biopsy for 14 oncogenic HPV types by PCR. The primary endpoint--vaccine efficacy against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ associated with HPV16 or HPV18--was assessed in women who were seronegative and DNA negative for the corresponding vaccine type at baseline (month 0) and allowed inclusion of lesions with several oncogenic HPV types. This interim event-defined analysis was triggered when at least 23 cases of CIN2+ with HPV16 or HPV18 DNA in the lesion were detected in the total vaccinated cohort for efficacy. Analyses were done on a modified intention-to-treat basis. This trial is registered with the US National Institutes of Health clinical trial registry, number NCT00122681., Findings: Mean length of follow-up for women in the primary analysis for efficacy at the time of the interim analysis was 14.8 (SD 4.9) months. Two cases of CIN2+ associated with HPV16 or HPV18 DNA were seen in the HPV16/18 vaccine group; 21 were recorded in the control group. Of the 23 cases, 14 (two in the HPV16/18 vaccine group, 12 in the control group) contained several oncogenic HPV types. Vaccine efficacy against CIN2+ containing HPV16/18 DNA was 90.4% (97.9% CI 53.4-99.3; p<0.0001). No clinically meaningful differences were noted in safety outcomes between the study groups., Interpretation: The adjuvanted HPV16/18 vaccine showed prophylactic efficacy against CIN2+ associated with HPV16 or HPV18 and thus could be used for cervical cancer prevention. more...
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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3. Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial.
- Author
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Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler CM, Moscicki AB, Romanowski B, Roteli-Martins CM, Jenkins D, Schuind A, Costa Clemens SA, and Dubin G
- Subjects
- Adult, Double-Blind Method, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Papillomavirus Infections complications, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Time Factors, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms prevention & control, Viral Vaccines adverse effects, Viral Vaccines classification, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia prevention & control, Papillomaviridae immunology, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Viral Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
Background: Effective vaccination against HPV 16 and HPV 18 to prevent cervical cancer will require a high level of sustained protection against infection and precancerous lesions. Our aim was to assess the long-term efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a bivalent HPV-16/18 L1 virus-like particle AS04 vaccine against incident and persistent infection with HPV 16 and HPV 18 and their associated cytological and histological outcomes., Methods: We did a follow-up study of our multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial reported in 2004. We included women who originally received all three doses of bivalent HPV-16/18 virus-like particle AS04 vaccine (0.5 mL; n=393) or placebo (n=383). We assessed HPV DNA, using cervical samples, and did yearly cervical cytology assessments. We also studied the long-term immunogenicity and safety of the vaccine., Findings: More than 98% seropositivity was maintained for HPV-16/18 antibodies during the extended follow-up phase. We noted significant vaccine efficacy against HPV-16 and HPV-18 endpoints: incident infection, 96.9% (95% CI 81.3-99.9); persistent infection: 6 month definition, 94.3 (63.2-99.9); 12 month definition, 100% (33.6-100). In a combined analysis of the initial efficacy and extended follow-up studies, vaccine efficacy of 100% (42.4-100) against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions associated with vaccine types. We noted broad protection against cytohistological outcomes beyond that anticipated for HPV 16/18 and protection against incident infection with HPV 45 and HPV 31. The vaccine has a good long-term safety profile., Interpretation: Up to 4.5 years, the HPV-16/18 L1 virus-like particle AS04 vaccine is highly immunogenic and safe, and induces a high degree of protection against HPV-16/18 infection and associated cervical lesions. There is also evidence of cross protection. more...
- Published
- 2006
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4. HIV infection and neoplasia.
- Author
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Petry KU
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- Adult, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome complications, HIV Infections complications, Neoplasms etiology
- Published
- 1996
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5. Mild cytological atypia in women with HIV infection.
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Johnston C
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections etiology, Tumor Virus Infections etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia virology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms virology, Vaginal Smears, HIV Infections complications, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia pathology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms pathology
- Published
- 1996
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6. Effect of smoking cessation on cervical lesion size.
- Author
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Szarewski A, Jarvis MJ, Sasieni P, Anderson M, Edwards R, Steele SJ, Guillebaud J, and Cuzick J
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- Adult, Colposcopy, Cotinine analysis, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Radiography, Saliva chemistry, Smoking adverse effects, Social Class, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia diagnostic imaging, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Smoking Cessation, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms pathology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia pathology
- Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoking has been postulated as a cofactor in the aetiology of cervical cancer, but a causal role is difficult to establish because of potential confounding by sexual behaviour. We have investigated the effect of cessation or reduction of cigarette smoking on the course of minor-grade cervical lesions., Methods: In this intervention study 82 women volunteers with minor-grade lesions on colposcopy (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 or less) attempted to give up smoking for 6 months. Smoking histories were taken at 3-monthly clinic visits and verified by measurement of salivary cotinine concentrations. At each clinic visit, a photograph of the cervix was taken; the image was digitised and computer-aided image analysis was used to assess lesion size, by investigators unaware of smoking status., Findings: Of the 82 women, 17 stopped smoking completely for at least 6 months and 11 others reduced their smoking consumption by more than 75%. Of these 28 women, 23 (82%) showed a reduction in lesion size of at least 20% or 4 mm2 compared with 13 (28%) of the 47 non-quitters (odds ratio 12.0 [95% Cl 3.9-32.7]). The remaining seven women had unconfirmed smoking histories. There was a significant correlation between the extent of smoking reduction and the change in lesion size (chi2 for trend=31.55, p<0.0001). Adjustment for social class, method of contraception, and stage of menstrual cycle did not affect the results., Interpretation: Our findings support a link between smoking and cervical disease and suggest that smoking cessation could have a beneficial effect on early cervical abnormalities. more...
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- 1996
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7. Is infection with HIV a risk factor for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia?
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Bradbeer C
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Risk Factors, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome complications, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology
- Published
- 1987
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8. Cervical dysplasia and HIV infection.
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, HIV Seropositivity transmission, Humans, Insemination, Artificial, Prospective Studies, Transfusion Reaction, HIV Seropositivity complications, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology
- Published
- 1988
9. Papillomavirus and cervical dysplasia.
- Author
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Shah KH, Lewis MG, Jenson AB, Kurman RJ, and Lancaster WD
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- Animals, Female, Humans, Immune Sera, Tumor Virus Infections immunology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia immunology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia microbiology, Antigens, Viral analysis, Papillomaviridae immunology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology
- Published
- 1980
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10. Oestrogen-like activity and cervical atypias.
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Singer A and Jordan JA
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- Carcinoma in Situ chemically induced, Coitus, Estradiol Congeners adverse effects, Female, Humans, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia chemically induced, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms chemically induced, Carcinoma in Situ etiology, Cervix Mucus drug effects, Contraceptives, Oral adverse effects, Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic adverse effects, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology
- Published
- 1977
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11. Case-control study of the husbands of women with dysplasia or carcinoma of the cervix uteri.
- Author
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Buckley JD, Harris RW, Doll R, Vessey MP, and Williams PT
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- Adult, Aged, Carcinoma transmission, Carcinoma in Situ transmission, Extramarital Relations, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Smoking, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia transmission, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms transmission, Carcinoma etiology, Carcinoma in Situ etiology, Sexual Behavior, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology
- Abstract
The husbands of married women with cervical dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ, or invasive carcinoma of the cervix who, in an earlier study, had claimed to have had no sexual partner other than their husband, were interviewed to determine whether the risk of cervical epithelial abnormalities in the women could be related to their husband's sexual background. Of 322 women previously studied, 57 were eligible for this study and the husbands of 31 of them were interviewed together with the husbands of a control group, matched for age and age at first intercourse. The number of sexual partners reported by the husband was found to be a significant risk factor, with a relative risk of 7.8 for 15 or more partners outside marriage. The relative risk for women who smoked was 7.0, and this was independent of any of the sexual risk factors. The findings for subgroups of women with invasive carcinoma and with dysplasia or carcinoma-in-situ were similar. The data strongly support the view that an infectious agent is involved in the aetiology of cancer of the cervix and suggest that smoking may have an independent carcinogenic action. more...
- Published
- 1981
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12. Cervical neoplasia and the pill.
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- Adult, Carcinoma in Situ chemically induced, Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal adverse effects, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Mitosis drug effects, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia chemically induced, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms chemically induced, Carcinoma in Situ epidemiology, Contraceptives, Oral pharmacology, Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal pharmacology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms epidemiology
- Published
- 1977
13. Human genital cancer: synergism between two virus infections or synergism between a virus infection and initiating events?
- Author
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zur Hausen H
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Cattle, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic microbiology, Female, Genital Neoplasms, Male etiology, Humans, Male, Models, Biological, Papillomaviridae immunology, Simplexvirus immunology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Genital Neoplasms, Female etiology, Herpes Genitalis, Tumor Virus Infections
- Abstract
It is proposed that human genital cancer results from a "promoting" papillomavirus infection and initiating events, frequently caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. This hypothesis is based on the demonstration of DNA from different types of papillomaviruses in some cervical cancer biopsy samples and in premalignant lesions; on studies revealing the initiator-like functions of HSV infections; and on analogous interactions of papillomavirus infections with initiators in the induction of certain animal and human carcinomas. The model reconciles seroepidemiological data linking HSV to human genital cancer with the apparent difficulties in finding HSV DNA by biopsy in genital cancer. more...
- Published
- 1982
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14. Neoplasia of the cervix uteri and contraception: a possible adverse effect of the pill.
- Author
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Vessey MP, Lawless M, McPherson K, and Yeates D
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Carcinoma in Situ chemically induced, Carcinoma in Situ etiology, Female, Humans, Intrauterine Devices adverse effects, Risk, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia chemically induced, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia etiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms etiology, Contraceptives, Oral adverse effects, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms chemically induced
- Abstract
The incidence of biopsy-proven cervical neoplasia during a 10-year follow-up was determined in 6838 parous women who entered the Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study while using oral contraceptives and 3154 parous women who entered the study while using an intrauterine device (IUD). Risk factors for cervical neoplasia, continuation of attendance at family planning clinics, and frequency of examination by cervical cytology were similar in the two groups. All 13 cases of invasive cancer occurred in women in the oral contraceptive group; 9 had more than 6 years' use of the pill. Both carcinoma-in-situ and dysplasia also occurred more frequently in the oral contraceptive group than in the IUD group, and when the two conditions were considered together there was a trend in incidence with duration of oral contraceptive use. The incidence for all three forms of neoplasia combined rose from 0.9 per 1000 woman-years in those with up to 2 years' pill use to 2.2 per 1000 woman-years in those with more than 8 years' pill use. Amongst IUD users, there was no such trend in incidence with duration of use: the rate fluctuated around 1.0 per 1000 woman-years. The great majority of cases of invasive cancer were detected by means of cervical smears and were treated while the disease was still curable. Long-term users of oral contraceptives should have regular cervical cytological examination. more...
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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