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Beneficial health effects of polyphenols depend on their daily consumption which may reflect the dietary pattern of a population. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and cellular antioxidant activity of Feijoada whole meal compared to its individual ingredients. Kale was the ingredient with the highest total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity. Black beans and rice were the main sources of bound phenolics, accounting for approximately 50% of the total phenolic content in each one. Black beans were also the main providers of phenolics in the feijoada whole meal. Dose dependent effect was observed for black beans, kale, and orange when cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) was measured, being orange the ingredient with the lowest EC 50 value. Antiproliferative activity using HepG2 cells was only observed for the orange and kale extracts at 60 mg/ml. Feijoada whole meal extract and the combination of individual ingredients had no effect in this cancer cell line compared to the control. The interaction among ingredients composing a meal as for whole meals itself should be used more often as an approach to understand the relationship between dietary pattern and health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antioxidant capacity of cell-free extracts from Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 obtained by using different cell disruption methods was determined. The efficacy of various methods, including high-pressure treatment (HIP), lysozyme combined with ultrasound treatment (LCU), glycine treatment (GLY), and frozen-thawed treatment (FAT) was studied. The results showed that the bacterial suspension in the HIP group visibly had the least intact cells per visual field compared with the other groups, followed by the LCU group. The HIP group possessed 5.12 lg CFU/mL viable bacteria, which was significantly lower than that of the other groups after cell disruption from the initial 9 lg CFU/mL. The protein concentration of the cell-free extract from the HIP group was higher than that of the other groups with abundant protein bands and band intensities. The HIP group presented significantly higher total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities than the other groups. Our data suggest that HIP can be a preferable method to obtain cell-free extracts with excellent antioxidant capacity for further exploring the underlying antioxidant mechanism of Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01. ● Four methods are used for cell wall disruption of Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01. ● High pressure group had visibly less intact cell compared to other groups. ● The high pressure treatment released more proteins form L. NJAU-01. ● The cell-free extract by high-pressure treatment exhibited most antioxidant capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study evaluated whether acute consumption of freeze concentrated yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil.) infusion (CM) promotes improvement on the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation parameters in healthy individuals when compared to the traditional mate infusion (TM). In this cross-over study, 31 fasted volunteers ingested 200 mL of TM, CM, or water (control). Blood samples were withdrawn before and 1 h after beverages intake for the measurement of the antioxidant enzyme activities, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LOOH), and antioxidant capacity of serum (FRAP assay). CM intake promoted significant enhancement of the CAT (28.7%), SOD (21.3%), and GPx (9.6%) activities, and increased the levels of GSH (8.8%) and serum antioxidant capacity (7.5%), while TM increased only GSH values (8.3%). Serum levels of LOOH did not change significantly after consumption of both mate infusions. Acute consumption of CM by healthy individuals improved the blood antioxidant defense systems more efficiently than the traditional yerba mate and did not promote pro-oxidant effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of superfine grinding on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP). Superfine grinding treatment could decrease the average molecular weight (changed from 834.0, 85.2 and 70.6 to 538.5, 71.2 and 2.1, respectively), the spherical particle’s heights (changed from 0.86, 0.59 and 0.51nm to 0.74, 0.55 and 0.43nm, respectively) and the spherical particle’s diameter (changed from 98.33, 70.67 and 86.33nm to 88.67, 47.67 and 51.33nm, respectively) of LBP. After being superfine grinding treated, the ΔH values of LBP changed from −154.6, −136.5 and −105.0J/g to −220.8, −97.2 and −46.5J/g, respectively. The IC50 of LBP from treated materials on DPPH radical (4.96, 1.98 and 2.97mg/mL) and ABTS radical (2.25, 0.20 and 0.25mg/mL) were extremely lower than those of LBP from untreated materials. The results suggested that superfine grinding treatment enhanced LBP’s antioxidant activities. Molecular weight and solution behavior were key factors in polymer’s antioxidant activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Consumption of brown rice is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, which might be attributed to the presence of unique phytochemicals. This study aimed to evaluate phytochemicals profile, cellular antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities in glutinous and non-glutinous brown rice varieties of indica and japonica subspecies. In general, bound fractions of brown rice depicted significant variation levels of phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities. Anti-proliferative activity of bound fraction, total antioxidant capacity and cellular antioxidant activity of non-glutinous type were significantly higher than glutinous type ( p  < 0.05). Present investigation could be significant to introduce brown rice as functional foods and to increase awareness about health benefits of whole grain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citrus is a rich source of nutritive and bioactive compounds. Impact of fruit tissues and ripening stage on phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity and antiproliferative activity was investigated in Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Chachiensis (Chachi). Regardless of different ripening stage, peel had the highest contents of phenolics and flavonoids, strongest antioxidant activities resolved by PSC, ORAC and CAA assay and antiproliferative activities against MCF-7, HepG2 and SiHa cancer cell. Increased level of total phenolics, hesperidin and naringin, and elevated antioxidant capacities were detected in peel during maturity, whereas highest amount of nobiletin and strongest antiproliferative activities were explored in immature peel. In flesh the vitamin C content increased during ripening, while lower phenolic content, smallest ORAC value and weakest antiproliferative activity were resolved in mature flesh. The flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity in seed were comparable with flesh and relatively constant during ripening, suggesting seeds as a valuable source of flavonoid extraction for further utilization. The characteristic flavonoids, nobiletin, tangeretin, hesperetin and naringenin inhibited proliferation of SiHa, HepG2 and MCF-7 cell dose-dependently, thus suggesting their contribution and potential application. Results presented here provide the foundation for comprehensive utilization of phytochemicals in different parts of this medicinal and edible citrus fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the antioxidant activity of a tropical fruit juice and its antiproliferative and antimutagenic effects. The antioxidant activity was determined by several different methods, such as ORAC, ABTS, PSC (peroxyl radical scavenging capacity) and CAA (cellular antioxidant activity). The total of phenolics and flavonoids were determined, and the phenolic compounds were identified by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. The juice showed high total phenolic and flavonoid contents (838.44 ± 30.27 g GAE/100 g and 219.45 ± 12.27 mg CE/100 g DW, respectively). According to the PSC, CAA, ABTS and ORAC assays, the tropical fruit juice showed a high antioxidant value of 308.39 ± 3.10 μM AEE/100 g, 26.76 ± 4.47 μM QE/100 g, 167.17 ± 4.10 μM TE/g DW and 235.90 ± 11.90 μM TE/g DW, respectively. The proliferation of HepG 2 was significantly inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, by exposure to the tropical fruit juice. Antimutagenic activity was investigated by micronucleous test in mice, and all doses evaluated (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg b.w.) showed beneficial effects. As a consequence, these results encourage further studies on the pharmacological and functional properties of this tropical fruit juice, in order to evaluate its use as a functional food, due to its beneficial health properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]