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Introduction : Many cytokines and inflammatory mediators play a role in the progression of COVID-19 disease, including the interleukins, interferons, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α.) groups. An intervention is needed to reduce the levels of this cytokine. Thiamine has the potential to reduce levels of proinflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α. Objective: To determine the effect of intravenous thiamine administration on TNF-α levels in COVID-19 patients in the isolation room of RSUP H Adam Malik. Methods: This study used an analytical design of one group pre test - post test in the isolation room of Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan with a sample size of 16 people. Samples were given thiamine IV 200 mg/12 hours and then the levels of TNF-α were measured by ELISA method. Results: Characteristics of the sample obtained were equal in number of males and females (1:1), the mean age was 43 ±14.78 years, the mean BMI was 23.31 ± 6.55, the mean systolic was 122.50 ± 5.77 mmHg and diastolic 88.88 ± 6.55 mmHg. The majority of the sample (50%) had no comorbidities. Before administration of thiamine, the median TNF-α was 186.5 pg/mL with a minimum and maximum value (171-420 pg/mL) and after administration of thiamine, the median TNF-α was 180.50 pg/mL with a minimum and maximum value (122-200 pg/mL) obtained a p value of 0.001 < 0.05 (there is a significant effect). Conclusion: In this study, the mean TNF-α level was lower when given intravenous thiamine. This decrease in TNF-α levels was also found to be significant after intravenous thiamine administration.

Introduction: Vitrectomy is eye surgery to evaluate the retina by removing the vitreous gel which is principally carried out in three stages, namely retinal detachment repair, membrane peeling, and crystalline lens. In this operation, the anesthetic technique that needs to be emphasized is not increasing intraocular pressure and avoiding the oculocardiac reflex. This operation can be performed with a peribulbar or retrobulbar block, however, total intravenous anesthesia may also be considered in patients with other comorbidities.Case Presentation: Male, 55 years old, 96 kgs, with the chief complaint of blurred vision in the last 3 weeks ago. There were no other complaints but the patient has a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II, congestive heart failure with a history of mitral valve replacement (MVR), and permanent pacemaker (PPM) usage from 2015. The patient had a history of warfarin and novamox usage 7 days ago. From the exam, the patient was diagnosed with ablatio retina + post-MVR and scheduled to have a vitrectomy. The patient was positioned supine with 300 heads up. The patient was given 3 liters of oxygen via nasal cannula, premedicated with fentanyl 50 mcg, then induced with propofol 100 mg bolus intravenously until sleep nonapnea before continuing with continuous propofol via syringe pump. The patient was maintained by propofol 0.5 mg/kg BW/hour. Next, the patient was given a peribulbar block with 2mL Lidocaine 2% and 2mL Bupivacaine 0.5%. During operation, there was no significant hemodynamic fluctuation until finished. Conclusion: The patient thus will undergo vitrectomy can be performed with peripheral nerve blocks such as retrobulbar anesthesia or peribulbar anesthesia. However, after knowing about the patient’s medical history, in this case, with a history of cardiac events and also undergone open-heart surgery, total intravenous anesthesia combined with a peribulbar block was considered the most suitable technique.