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The article presents a study on how the design of marine protected areas (MPAs) is affected by the movement of small adult black rockfish known as Sebastes melanops. The movements of the rockfish were analyzed by implanting them with acoustic transmitters in Carmel Bay, California. The tagged fish were monitored from August 2006 to January 2008 and their vertical movements were correlated with various environmental variables. Based from the result of the study, the researchers concluded that the understanding of the differences in fish movements among age classes is needed in designing MPAs that are intended for the protection of all life stages of a species.

The article focuses on the factors that affect distribution of Caulerpa racemosa in north-western Mediterranean. The authors hypothesized that an increase in human disturbance affects the occurrence and abundance of Caulerpa racemosa. They conducted their study in the coast of protective-area Tuscany and extra-urban-area northwest Sardinia. They revealed that human disturbance was not a significant factor in Caulerpa racemosa's occurrence and abundance. They added that thorough knowledge of its ecosystem structure will be a more concise way to predict invasion scenarios.

The article discusses a study describing the spatial and temporal patterns of habitat use of Serranus cabrilla via acoustic telemetry. It notes that Serranus cabrilla is one of the species most targeted by recreational anglers in the Northwest Mediterranean. Using a fixed-receiver array located in a marine protected area (MPA) in Palma Bay, temporal patterns and fish position were determined. Based on the linearity index and the index of reuse, such species has high site fidelity, indicating that it is sedentary with a limited adult dispersal capacity. It recommends the use of a relatively small MPA as a management tool for establishing sustainable exploitation levels of the species.

The article discusses a study which simulated the combined effects of artisanal and recreational fishing efforts on coastal resources using the Bonifacio Straits Natural Reserve (BSNR) Corsica. The BSNR ecosystem was compared to another constructed on a non-protected area from the same region and fishing fleets were aggregated into artisanal and recreational categories. Based on the findings of the study, modelling plays an important role in managing marine protected areas as a complementary tool to surveys.

The article presents a study on the effects of marine protected areas (MPAs) on the demography of Lethrinus harak. It states that while the success of MPAs in facilitating recovery of over-exploited resources has been well documented, only few studies noted the effects of MPAs on the demographic profiles of reef fish populations. It mentions that to come up with more credible comparison on the demography of Lethrinus harak between areas open and closed to fishing, focused sampling occurred on the reef flats at four principal sites located in the west and south coasts of Guam. It says that the results proved the effectiveness of MPAs in allowing a larger and older population to accumulate, which yields considerable reproductive benefits among the fish demography.

The article presents a study which investigates the effect of benthic and pelagic predators on intertidal mussel population in the marine protected area in South Africa. The study uses various treatments including caged treatment, roof treatment, and fence treatment as well as factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the effects of different types of predators on the juvenile mussel samples which were collected from Plettenberg Bay in July 2009. The results show that mussels which were exposed to all predators have 50% survival rate, and benthic and pelagic predators were well balanced on juvenile mussels predation. Moreover, the result of ANOVA reveals that mortality was lower in the full cage treatment and equal in treatments with fences, roofs, or no protection.

The article presents a study which analyzes how remote fisheries closures were designed to secure Lophelia pertusa habitat in an area of the Northeast Atlantic that constitutes the European high seas. The study uses a satellite monitoring of fishing vessel activity to test the effectiveness of closures in securing marine ecosystems worldwide. The study also uses three sources to determine the boundaries of the marine habitats covered in the research such as the records in the scientific literature of L. pertusa, and the records of fishing activity from satellite-based vessel monitoring systems (VMS). Conclusion shows that surveillance date, fishers' knowledge, and scientific records on fishing activity can be combined to offer an effective tool for the design of marine protected areas.

The article presents a study which assesses identified coral habitats with cold-water coral reefs which are considered to be essential biodiversity hotspots. The study investigates the possibility of automatic and manual quantity estimation of cold-water sponges and corals with the use of still image frames acquired from a video data. The study also uses a system which utilizes machine-learning algorithms to observe the species within frames automatically. Results show that the machine-learning method is suitable for calculating live cold-water coral density, however, conclusion suggests that further research is needed before the system can be enforced to sponges within the reef environment.

The article discusses a continental-scale analysis of ecological effects of marine protected areas (MPAs) on rocky reef communities in Australia. In this study, Reef Life Survey data are utilized to measure differences between MPAs and adjacent fished reference zones. The survey is based on the two premises that recreational divers investigates the marine environment to a level equivalent to a scientific diver and recreational divers are willing to assist scientific studies. The study indicates that many invertebrates and small fishes decrease in numbers in MPAs. It also discusses the contribution of volunteer divers to marine ecological monitoring.

The article presents a study which assessed the impact of marine protected areas (MPAs) on the catches of artisanal fisheries and the influence of habitat on the process. It examines the enhancement on fisheries harvest in three Mediterranean MPAs which include Tabarca Marine Reserve, Carry-le-Rouet Marine Reserve and Cerbère-Banyuls Marine Reserve. Surveys on the possible increased catches were done over two homogeneous habitats, Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow and sandy bottom, in three different seasons in order to test whether habitat type significantly alters the degree of spillover from MPAs. It concludes that impacts of spillover are not a universal consequence of siting MPAs in temperate waters but are related to the distribution of habitats inside and around MPAs.

The article explores the fish life histories and marine protected areas that result from age-structured models of exploited species with species harvested in reproduction of fishes. It states that through marine protected areas have become the central element of marine resource management plans with negative effects of marine protected areas for fisheries harvest to their use. The protected areas have integrated simple model to connect the best on marine species with spatial management efforts on increasing areas in individual biomass.