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Climate change poses a potential risk to coastal infrastructure, thus threatening the economics or even the safety of human beings. Thus, a better understanding of the attitude of port organizations toward climate adaptation and mitigation is essential. This paper addresses this research gap by investigating 18 port organizations in China. The questions include the impediments and the impact of context, systems, and other factors on the implementation of adaptation strategies. The results indicate that port organizations are generally aware of climate change impacts and agree that some further steps are needed. However, policy support serves as a key factor in implementing adaptation plans. Apart from offering important insight on the attitude of port organizations, the study also serves as a platform for further research on climate adaptation planning in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China accounted for 14.4% of the global exports of goods, ranking first in 2022, followed by the United States at 8.3%. As the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development commented, China has become a global trade titan, and its meteoric rise as perhaps one of the best stories of economic development has been both admired and questioned. This article discusses the reasons behind China becoming a global trade titan from the perspective of transport logistics by applying statistical analysis and case studies. The results show that the meteoric rise of China's trade is inseparable from China's development in transport logistics, especially investments in maritime transport construction and China Railway Express, which hugely promote the interconnectivity of transport infrastructure and reduce transportation duration and waiting time, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the imbalance of types of imports and exports in trade and the differences in infrastructure standards pose some problems. The research manages to give policy implications based on the existing problems of the current trade logistics system through case studies on Sino-US, Sino-EU and Sino-ASEAN trade relations and transport facilitation issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is ranked as the number one maritime connected country in the world. This study attempts to analyse the characteristics of its 155 maritime trading partners. Five components of maritime connectivity have been used for the analysis. A hierarchical clustering technique is applied to group the trading partners into distinct meaningful clusters. As China's main maritime competitors within the East Asian region, the analysis is also applied to Singapore and Hong Kong. The clustering technique produces three distinct clusters for China and Singapore and two for Hong Kong. The results reveal the importance of direct maritime connectivity, with China having the highest number of trading partners with zero transhipment (including its top 15 trading partners), compared to Singapore and Hong Kong. The analysis is further extended by applying ordered logistic regression. The results show that the logistic performance index (LPI) and exports/imports have a positive and significant influence on clusters. Conclusions are drawn as to the potential for implementing strategies and policy interventions on the basis of the emergent clusters, particularly the need for Hong Kong to improve all five components of maritime connectivity in order to compete with China and Singapore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ports in China play an important role in the transportation and economic system, especially for the cities where ports are located and the hinterland they serve. The question is what is the causality between port investment and economic growth in China? The answer to this question could provide a basis and better rationale for the port authorities or central and local governments in their investment decision-making process. This article investigates the Granger causality between port investment and economic growth in China both at the full regional level and the sub-regional level. By applying the panel data for the period of 19992009, the error correction model (ECM) is employed to test the Granger causality between port investment and economic growth. The results show that short-term bidirectional causality exists between port investment and economic growth, and the port investment is the long-term Granger reason for economic growth; however, economic growth is not the long-term Granger reason for port investment, namely that the long-term unidirectional causality exists running from port investment to economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]