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In the last decade, a new technique has been developed for the nanoimprinting of thin-metal foils using laser-induced shock waves. Recent studies have proposed replacing metal or silicone molds with inexpensive polymer molds for nanoimprinting. In addition, explosive-derived shock waves provide deeper imprinting than molds, greatly simplifying the application of this technology for mass production. In this study, we focused on explosive-derived shock waves, which persist longer than laser-induced shock waves. A numerical analysis and a set of simplified molding experiments were conducted to identify the cause of the deep imprint. Our numerical analysis has accurately simulated the pressure history and deformation behavior of the workpiece and the mold. Whereas a high pressure immediately deforms the polymer mold, a sustained pressure gradually increases the molding depth of the workpiece. Therefore, the duration of the pressure can be one of the conditions to control the impact imprint phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is concerned with the development of a new unidirectional cellular (UniPore) copper structure with multiple concentric pipe layers. The investigated UniPore structures were grouped into three main types, each having a different number of pipes (3, 4, and 5 pipes per transversal cross-section) and different pore arrangements. The specimens were fabricated by explosive compaction to achieve tightly compacted structures with a quasi-constant cross-section along the length of the specimens. The bonding between copper pipes was observed by a metallographic investigation, which showed that the pipes and bars were compressed tightly without voids. However, they were not welded together. The mechanical properties were determined by quasi-static compressive testing, where the typical behaviour for cellular materials was noted. The study showed that porosity significantly influences the mechanical properties, even more so than the arrangement of the pipes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents the results of an experimental and computational study of the high-velocity impact of low-density aluminum foam into a rigid wall. It is shown that the aluminum foam samples deformed before hitting the rigid wall because of the high inertial forces during the acceleration. During the impact, the samples deformed only in the region contacting the rigid wall due to the high impact velocity; the inertial effects dominated the deformation process. However, the engineering stress–strain relationship retains its typical plateau shape until the densification strain. The experimental tests were successfully reproduced with parametric computer simulations using the LS-DYNA explicit finite element code. A unique computational lattice-type model was used, which can reproduce the randomness of the irregular, open-cell structure of aluminum foams. Parametric computer simulations of twenty different aluminum foam sample models with randomly generated irregular lattice structures were carried out at different acceleration levels to obtain representative statistical results. The high strain-rate sensitivity of low-density aluminum foam was also observed. A comparison of experimental and computational results during aluminum foam sample impact shows very similar deformation behavior. The computational model correctly represents the real impact conditions of low-density aluminum foam and can be recommended for use in similar high-velocity impact investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Closed-cell aluminium foams were fabricated and characterised at different strain rates. Quasi-static and high strain rate experimental compression testing was performed using a universal servo-hydraulic testing machine and powder gun. The experimental results show a large influence of strain rate hardening on mechanical properties, which contributes to significant quasi-linear enhancement of energy absorption capabilities at high strain rates. The results of experimental testing were further used for the determination of critical deformation velocities and validation of the proposed computational model. A simple computational model with homogenised crushable foam material model shows good correlation between the experimental and computational results at analysed strain rates. The computational model offers efficient (simple, fast and accurate) analysis of high strain rate deformation behaviour of a closed-cell aluminium foam at different loading velocities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]