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Deformation behavior and texture evolution of an extruded Mg 3Li sheet with a weak transverse direction (TD)-split texture during tension along different directions were systematically examined. Prismatic 〈a〉 slip was the dominant deformation mode along the extrusion direction (ED), while basal 〈a〉 slip and {10−12} twinning played key roles at the initial stage of deformation and prismatic 〈a〉 slip was also activated at the middle stage of deformation along the TD. The activation of prismatic 〈a〉 slip contributed to the enhanced 〈10−10〉 // ED component along the ED. However, the {10−12} twinning and basal 〈a〉 slip led to the formation of a new ED-texture component and a gradual rotation of c-axes towards the normal direction (ND) along the TD, respectively. Additionally, the cooperative activation of the {10−12} twinning and prismatic 〈a〉 slip were responsible for the decreased 〈10−10〉 // ED component along the TD. Unlabelled Image • Extruded Mg 3Li sheet exhibited a weak TD-split texture. • The room-temperature deformation modes of Mg 3Li sheet were investigated. • Prismatic 〈a〉 slip played a dominant role during tension along the ED. • Li additions improved the activation of prismatic 〈a〉 slip, under a lower strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]