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The concept of smart grid was introduced a decade ago. Demand side management (DSM) is one of the crucial aspects of smart grid that provides users with the opportunity to optimize their load usage pattern to fill the gap between energy supply and demand and reduce the peak to average ratio (PAR), thus resulting in energy and economic efficiency ultimately. The application of DSM programs is lucrative for both utility and consumers. Utilities can implement DSM programs to improve the system power quality, power reliability, system efficiency, and energy efficiency, while consumers can experience energy savings, reduction in peak demand, and improvement of system load profile, and they can also maximize usage of renewable energy resources (RERs). In this paper, some of the strategies of DSM including peak shaving and load scheduling are highlighted. Furthermore, the implementation of numerous optimization techniques on DSM is reviewed.

The notion of spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) is one of the most effective ways to model the fuzzy information in decision-making processes. The sum of squares of membership, neutral, and nonmembership degrees in SFSs lies in the interval [0, 1] and accommodates more uncertainties. Henceforth, in this article, the idea of spherical cubic fuzzy sets (SCFSs) is introduced, which is the generalization of SFSs. Spherical cubic fuzzy set is the combination of spherical fuzzy sets and interval-valued spherical fuzzy sets. The membership, neutral, and nonmembership degrees in an SCFS are cubic fuzzy numbers (CFNs). Consequently, this set outperforms the pre-existing structures of fuzzy set theory. Moreover, some fundamental operations for the comparison of two spherical CFNs are defined such as score function and accuracy function. Further, several new operations through Dombi t-norm and Dombi t-conorms are characterized to get the best results during the decision criteria. Furthermore, spherical cubic fuzzy Dombi weighted averaging (SCFDWA), SCFD ordered weighted averaging (SCFDOWA), SCFD hybrid weighted averaging (SCFDHWA), SCFD weighted geometric (SCFDWG), SCFD ordered weighted geometric (SCFDOWG), and the SCFD hybrid weighted geometric (SCFDHWG) aggregated operators are discussed, and their characteristics are examined. In addition, some of the operational laws of these operators are defined. Also, a decision-making approach based on these operators is proposed. Since the proposed methods and operators are the generalizations of the existing methods and operators, therefore, these techniques produce more general, accurate, and precise results as compared with existing ones. Finally, a descriptive example is given in order to describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the proposed methods.

This paper aims to propose a new methodology for spherical cubic fuzzy (SCF) multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) utilizing the TOPSIS method that uses incomplete weight information. At first, the maximum deviation model is suggested to determine the criteria of weight values. An MCDM methodology is introduced using SCF information, based on the proposed method. Also, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed information, a numerical example is given. Finally, a comprehensive and structured analysis of existing work in comparison with previous work is given.