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Recently, the advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has offered substantial benefits to drivers. Improvement of passenger safety is one of the key factors for evolving AVs. An automated system provided by the ADAS in autonomous vehicles is a salient feature for passenger safety in modern vehicles. With an increasing number of electronic control units and a combination of multiple sensors, there are now sufficient computing aptitudes in the car to support ADAS deployment. An ADAS is composed of various sensors: radio detection and ranging (RADAR), cameras, ultrasonic sensors, and LiDAR. However, continual use of multiple sensors and actuators of the ADAS can lead to failure of AV sensors. Thus, prognostic health management (PHM) of ADAS is important for smooth and continuous operation of AVs. The PHM of AVs has recently been introduced and is still progressing. There is a lack of surveys available related to sensor-based PHM of AVs in the literature. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to identify sensor-based PHM, emphasizing different fault identification and isolation (FDI) techniques with challenges and gaps existing in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain new Ostrowski type inequalities by using the extended version of Montgomery identity and Green's functions. We also give estimations of the difference between two integral means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology that enables the healthcare system to identify cardiovascular diseases. In this article, a novel cardiovascular disease prediction framework combining Predator Crow Optimization (PCO) and Deep Neural Network (DNN) is designed. In the proposed PCO-DNN framework, DNN is used to predict cardiac disease, and the PCO is utilized to optimize the DNN parameters, thereby maximizing the prediction performances. The proposed framework aims to predict and classify cardiovascular diseases accurately. Further, an intensive comparative analysis is performed to validate the obtained results with the existing classification models. The results show that the proposed framework achieves an accuracy of 96.6665%, a precision of 97.5256%, a recall of 97.0953%, and an F1-measure of 96.4242% and can outperform the existing CVD predictors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simulation model can provide insight into the characteristic behaviors of different health states of an actual system; however, such a simulation cannot account for all complexities in the system. This work proposes a transfer learning strategy that employs simple computer simulations for fault diagnosis in an actual system. A simple shaft-disk system was used to generate a substantial set of source data for three health states of a rotor system, and that data was used to train, validate, and test a customized deep neural network. The deep learning model, pretrained on simulation data, was used as a domain and class invariant generalized feature extractor, and the extracted features were processed with traditional machine learning algorithms. The experimental data sets of an RK4 rotor kit and a machinery fault simulator (MFS) were employed to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed method was also validated by comparing its performance with the pre-existing deep learning models of GoogleNet, VGG16, ResNet18, AlexNet, and SqueezeNet in terms of feature extraction, generalizability, computational cost, and size and parameters of the networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As failures in rotating machines can have serious implications, the timely detection and diagnosis of faults in these machines is imperative for their smooth and safe operation. Although deep learning offers the advantage of autonomously learning the fault characteristics from the data, the data scarcity from different health states often limits its applicability to only binary classification (healthy or faulty). This work proposes synthetic data augmentation through virtual sensors for the deep learning-based fault diagnosis of a rotating machine with 42 different classes. The original and augmented data were processed in a transfer learning framework and through a deep learning model from scratch. The two-dimensional visualization of the feature space from the original and augmented data showed that the latter's data clusters are more distinct than the former's. The proposed data augmentation showed a 6–15% improvement in training accuracy, a 44–49% improvement in validation accuracy, an 86–98% decline in training loss, and a 91–98% decline in validation loss. The improved generalization through data augmentation was verified by a 39–58% improvement in the test accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, fake news is a growing concern due to its devastating impacts on communities. The rise of social media, which many users consider the main source of news, has exacerbated this issue because individuals can easily disseminate fake news more quickly and inexpensive with fewer checks and filters than traditional news media. Numerous approaches have been explored to automate the detection and prevent the spread of fake news. However, achieving accurate detection requires addressing two crucial aspects: obtaining the representative features of effective news and designing an appropriate model. Most of the existing solutions rely solely on content-based features that are insufficient and overlapping. Moreover, most of the models used for classification are constructed with the concept of a dense features vector unsuitable for short news sentences. To address this problem, this study proposed a Web-Informed-Augmented Fake News Detection Model using Stacked Layers of Convolutional Neural Network and Deep Autoencoder called ICNN-AEN-DM. The augmented information is gathered from web searches from trusted sources to either support or reject the claims in the news content. Then staked layers of CNN with a deep autoencoder were constructed to train a probabilistic deep learning-base classifier. The probabilistic outputs of the stacked layers were used to train decision-making by staking multilayer perceptron (MLP) layers to the probabilistic deep learning layers. The results based on extensive experiments challenging datasets show that the proposed model performs better than the related work models. It achieves 26.6% and 8% improvement in detection accuracy and overall detection performance, respectively. Such achievements are promising for reducing the negative impacts of fake news on communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to establish summation-integral type generalized Lupaş operators with weights of Beta basis functions which depends on μ having some properties. Primarily, for these new operators, we calculate moments and central moments, weighted approximation is discussed. Further, Voronovskaya type asymptotic theorem is proved. Finally, quantitative estimates for the local approximation is taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to introduce q-analogues of generalized Lupaş operators, whose construction depends on a continuously differentiable, increasing, and unbounded function ρ. Depending on the selection of q, these operators provide more flexibility in approximation and the convergence is at least as fast as the generalized Lupaş operators, while retaining their approximation properties. For these operators, we give weighted approximations, Voronovskaja-type theorems, and quantitative estimates for the local approximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]