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The Racist Aggressions on Social Media (RASM) survey, with adapted scales to social media, was developed and tested. Results indicate that the instrument yields reliable and valid scores to measure...

A guide for professional counselors and counseling researchers for calculating and interpreting Percent Improvement as an indicator of clinical significance is provided. Strategies for reporting fi...

This study explored internal consistency (α = .834), test-retest (rtt = .911), convergent validity, and internal structural validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) on a la...

This study examined the degree that reliability coefficients for scores on the PTGI generalize across participant and study characteristics. Meta-analytic procedures resulted in observed and predic...

The authors present the development and examination of the Client Assessment of Multicultural Competent Behavior (CAMCB) scores. The CAMCB was designed to measure therapists’ multicultural competen...

This study assessed factorial invariance of scores from the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms − 34 (CCAPS-34) across military (n = 2,836) and nonmilitary (n = 2,836) students a...

We assessed the psychometric properties of the visual analog scale (VAS) form of the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) using item response theory (IRT) with a sample of 2,109 Canadian counseling clients. ...

The current study evaluated the validity and reliability of the SCARED on a Native American child population. Results suggest excellent internal consistency for the total score. The hierarchical mo...

The first edition of Assessment in Counseling: Practice and Applications provides a comprehensive review of assessment for professional counselors and students. This book provides a novel framework...

We developed the Beliefs and Evaluations About Counseling Services (BEACS) scale by incorporating a mathematical formula adopted from the Theory of Reasoned Action. We conducted three studies using...

This article focuses on the development of the Altruism Scale for Children (ASC). Analyses revealed a one-factor model with internal consistency of 0.89 and test-retest reliability of 0.94. The aut...

The Messaging Motivations Questionnaire (MMQ) is a concise 8-item measure, which consists of two subscales capturing people’s typical motivations to text. The MMQ was developed through focu...

This systematic review explores psychometric properties of the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory adult version (SASSI–3), the most commonly used instrument by counselors for assess...

The purpose of this study was to assess measurement equivalence of the 15-item Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale (PBSS) across White and Black college students. Results partially suppo...

A split-sample cross-validation confirmatory factor analysis (N = 1,210) confirmed the 4-factor structure of the Adlerian Personality Priority Assessment (APPA) with 2 distinct subsamples. Discrimi...

The goal of this study was to validate the Experience in Close Relationships Scale–Short version (ECR–S) in Korean college students. One item of the attachment avoidance subscale was deleted follow...

Supporting continued involvement of older adults in productive activities is beneficial to individuals and society-at-large. Meaningful measurement of quality engagement in such activities is there...

Construct validation evidence for the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) offers support for the use of the IDI to assess individuals’ ability to observe differences and similarities, and ada...

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Student Engagement Instrument–College version (SEI–C) with college students in the southeastern United States. Participants self-selected pap...

The article describes the development and validation of the Career Personality Styles Inventory (CPSI). The CPSI comprehensively assesses Holland's career personality styles with only 22 items. Bas...

We examined the psychometric properties of the Short Grit Scale with a sample of school counselors. The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a modified 2-factor solution and internal reliabilit...

This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the 21-item Spiritual Competency Scale (SCS–R–II) with data from 176 participants. Moreover, this study examined correlations between ...

Researchers examined data from a national sample of 776 school counselors to further determine the factor structure of the School Counselor Leadership Survey. Confirmatory factor analyses supported...

Using effect sizes from Erford, Paul, Oncken, Kress, & Erford (2014) meta-analysis for treatments of oppositional defiant disorder and Erford, Bardhoshi, Ross, Gunther, & Duncan (2017) meta...

We develop the Trait Sources of Spirituality Scale (TSSS), which assesses experiences of closeness to the sacred, within and outside a religious tradition. After using factor analysis to finalize t...

Supervisors evaluated counselors-in-training at multiple points during their practicum experience using the Counseling Competencies Scale (CCS; N = 1,070). The CCS evaluations were randomly split t...

The content validity ratio (CVR), which is suggested by Lawshe (1975), is a widely used index to quantify content validity. In this study, the Bayesian approach is used to determine the minimum num...

The authors present the development of the Helping Professional Wellness Discrepancy Scale (HPWDS). The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) present a rationale for the HPWDS; (b) review statistical analyses procedures used to develop the HPWDS; and (c) offer implications for counselors, other helping professionals, and future research.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) using a Jordanian sample. The sample included 233 Jordanian cit...

The article serves as a guide for researchers in developing evidence of validity using bivariate correlations, specifically construct validity. The authors outline the steps for calculating and int...

We present considerations for validity when a population outside of a normed sample is assessed and those data are interpreted. Using a career group counseling example exploring life satisfaction changes as evidenced by the Quality of Life Inventory (Frisch, 1994), we showcase qualitative and quantitative approaches to explore how normative data could be a useful comparison to a dissimilar sample.

Construct irrelevance (CI) and construct underrepresentation (CU) are 2 major threats to validity, yet they are rarely discussed within the counseling literature. This article provides information ...

This article describes a 6-step process for the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of counseling assessments from source document into a target language. An illustrative example is provided using the Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008) and considerations for counseling researchers are discussed.

This article provides a brief introduction to the Rasch model. Motivation for using Rasch analyses is provided. Important Rasch model concepts and key aspects of result interpretation are introduce...

Precision is a key facet of test development, with score reliability determined primarily according to the types of error one wants to approximate and demonstrate. This article identifies and discusses several primary forms of reliability estimation: internal consistency (i.e., split-half, KR–20, α), test–retest, alternate forms, interscorer, and interrater reliability.

An overview of standards related to demonstrating evidence regarding relationships with criteria as it pertains to instrument development was presented, along with heuristic examples. Additional measures and a comprehensive design are necessary to establish evidence related to the use and interpretation of test scores for the validation of a measure.

Cognitive interviewing (CI) is a method to identify sources of confusion in assessment items and to assess validity evidence on the basis of content and response processes. We introduce readers to CI and describe a process for conducting such interviews and analyzing the results. Recommendations for best practice are provided.

It is imperative that counselors understand how to critically evaluate assessments before using them to make clinical decisions. This evaluation can be conducted through integrating the 5 sources of validity. Each source of validity is discussed, along with methods to appraise psychometric quality, throughout this special issue.

American Educational Research Association (AERA) standards stipulate that researchers show evidence of the internal structure of instruments. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is one structural eq...

Evidence of validity is the foundation of developing and testing psychological and educational assessments. This article (a) introduces evidence of validity and content-oriented evidence, (...

This article describes the revision of Vespia, Heckman-Stone, and Delworth's (2002) Supervision Utilization Rating Form (SURF) and validation of the resulting Adapted SURF. The Adapted SURF is designed to provide supervisors with a cleaner measure of supervisee behaviors that contribute to effective supervision.

Nonlinear effects are both underreported and underrepresented in counseling research. We provide a rationale for evaluating nonlinear effects and steps to evaluate nonlinear relationships in counseling research. Two heuristic examples are provided along with discussion of the results and advantages to evaluating nonlinear effects.

A common concern about the Beck Depression Inventory, Second edition (BDI-II) among researchers in the area of depression has long been the single-factor scoring scheme. Methods exist for making cr...

The Self-Evaluation Scale–Self-Report version was designed to assess self-concept in students aged 10 to 17 years. Coefficient α was.94, and test-retest was.87. A unidimensional construct emerged with strong convergent validity with scores on the Piers–Harris 2 (r =.77) and Self-Efficacy Self-Report Scale (r =.70).

Researchers analyzed data from elementary teachers (N = 233) to further establish the psychometric soundness of the Teacher My Class Inventory–Short Form. Supporting previous psychometric research, confirmatory factor analyses findings supported the factorial validity of the hypothesized five-factor solution. Internal reliability estimates were satisfactory for an attitudinal measure. Implications for practice are briefly discussed.

This study describes the development and psychometric properties of the Counseling Supervisor’s Behavior Questionnaire, designed to assess the specific behaviors of supervisors, which can be observ...

The authors present the development of the Research Competencies Scale (RCS). The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) present a rationale for the RCS, (b) review statistical analysis procedur...

Using exploratory factor analysis, we examined the factor structure of data collected from the Race-Related Events Scale, which assesses perceived exposure to race-related stress. Our sample (N = 2...

Using effect size results from our meta-analysis for the treatment of anxiety in school-aged youth, the practical and technical aspects of five commonly used anxiety instruments were analyzed, and effect size estimates compared to indicate the best choices for use in anxiety outcome research.

This study tested a five-factor model structure with a sample of professional school counselors. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a modified five-factor model was the most appropriate. I...