1. Early Dynamics of Cerebrospinal CD14+ Monocytes and CD15+ Granulocytes in Patients after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cohort Study
- Author
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Chlodwig Kirchhoff, Markus Schmitt-Sody, Peter Biberthaler, Karl-Georg Kanz, Lukas Kurt Postl, Martijn van Griensven, Viktoria Bogner, Christoph Egginger, and Marc Beirer
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,Traumatic brain injury ,CD14 ,Immunology ,Population ,Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ,Lewis X Antigen ,Context (language use) ,Granulocyte ,Brain Injuries/cerebrospinal fluid ,Monocytes ,Cohort Studies ,Leukocyte Count ,medicine ,lcsh:Pathology ,Humans ,education ,Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/analysis ,education.field_of_study ,Granulocytes/immunology ,Lewis X Antigen/analysis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Lumbar puncture ,business.industry ,Monocyte ,Monocytes/immunology ,Cell Biology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,ddc ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Blood-Brain Barrier ,Brain Injuries ,Choroid plexus ,Female ,business ,Research Article ,Granulocytes ,lcsh:RB1-214 - Abstract
In traumatic brain injury (TBI) the analysis of neuroinflammatory mechanisms gained increasing interest. In this context certain immunocompetent cells might play an important role. Interestingly, in the actual literature there exist only a few studies focusing on the role of monocytes and granulocytes in TBI patients. In this regard it has recently reported that the choroid plexus represents an early, selective barrier for leukocytes after brain injury. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the very early dynamics of CD14+ monocytes and CD15+ granulocyte in CSF of patients following severe TBI with regard to the integrity of the BBB. Cytometric flow analysis was performed to analyze the CD14+ monocyte and CD15+ granulocyte population in CSF of TBI patients. The ratio of CSF and serum albumin as a measure for the BBB’s integrity was assessed in parallel. CSF samples of patients receiving lumbar puncture for elective surgery were obtained as controls. Overall 15 patients following severe TBI were enrolled. 10 patients were examined as controls. In patients, the monocyte population as well as the granulocyte population was significantly increased within 72 hours after TBI. The BBB’s integrity did not have a significant influence on the cell count in the CSF.
- Published
- 2015