Search

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections in clinical practice and represents a frequent reason why patients present to the general practitioner. Empirical antibiotic treatment could solve a part of the uncomplicated infections, but it is necessary to also consider its negative effects, such as increasing the antimicrobial resistance and the number of recurrent infections. Moreover, different prophylactic techniques proved to be useful and have good results, which supports their use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infectious diseases can develop severe complications or even death, therefore introducing vaccination can be considered one of the most important medical breakthroughs. Immunization programs considerably decreased morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases, especially in children. Among the diseases that significantly affected the population were included measles, mumps and rubella. Measles is particularly serious because of the complications it can cause both on short and long term. Mumps is severe because it can evolve with meningitis and to measles particular attention should be paid, not only because of its frequent complications, but also because of the manifestations in pregnant women (congenital rubella). Lately, the vaccine coverage has decreased, and in order to remediate this, a very important role is attributed to the health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with diabetic ulcers of the lower limbs may suffer from infectious complications and due to this damage, the result may lead to amputation or death. Providing proper care, on several levels, for the diabetic foot is an effective measure to decrease the rates of amputation, which have unfavorable economic and social outcomes. Through screening, the prevention can be achieved. Moreover, an early diagnosis based on the evaluation of risk factors can lead to a prompt treatment, suppressing therefore the progression of the lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertension represents a risk factor for the cardiovascular diseases. Depending on the presence of a known etiology, hypertension is essential or secondary. In case of essential hypertension, lately there have been proposed several theories, such as genetic predisposition, lifestyle, and infectious etiology. The pathogens most commonly studied are Chlamydia pneumoniae, Cytomegalovirus, Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A. Through endothelial dysfunction, molecular mimicry, the activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or some secreted substances, germs manage to induce changes, which may contribute to the onset of hypertension. Therefore prevention and proper treatment of infections may decrease the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. Correct treatment of hypertension involves, besides non-pharmacological and drug therapy, the identification of potential modifiable causes, such as renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia, pheochromocytoma, coarctation of the aorta and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]