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In this study, the application effect of fast-track surgery (FTS) nursing intervention in laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) is investigated, and the optimal perioperative management strategy for CRC surgery is explored. One hundred thirty CRC patients are included in this study, in which 67 patients undergo laparotomy (Group A) and 63 patients undergo laparoscopic surgery (Group B). These patients were also randomly divided into traditional nursing subgroup (Group A1 [n = 33] and Group B1 [n = 31]) and FTS nursing subgroup (Group A2 [n = 34] and Group B2 [n = 32]). The general data of patients, pre-operative preparation, intra-operative data, postoperative recovery data, and postoperative complications are recorded. Both FTS and laparoscopic surgery can advance the anal exhaust time, and shorten postoperative fasting and water deprivation time, and the hospitalization time without increasing the incidence of complications. FTS has advantages in reducing the indwelling time of gastric tube and throat pain. Simultaneous implementation of FTS and laparoscopic surgery has the best effect on the postoperative recovery of CRC patients.

A 31-year-old male patient with psoriasis received administration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) during a disease course of 14 years. He showed multiple keratoma together with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in left lower limbs. After admission, the conditions were stable after treatment, and received surgery for treating SCC. The skin defect was treated using full-thickness skin graft. The postoperative survival of the flap was satisfactory, and the conditions of psoriasis were well controlled. In this case, we presented the feasibility of graft in the donor site from a psoriatic lesion. Besides, we analyzed the possibility of SCC and keratinizing lesions.

Background The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has emerged to be the biggest global health threat worldwide. COVID-19 marks the emergence of the third large-scale epidemic related to the coronavirus, after SARS-CoV in 2002 and Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV) in 2012. The pandemic has had a harmful effect on the public mental health, especially on depression. Increasing systematic reviews (SRs) of coronavirus were focusing on depression. However, the methodological quality of these SRs is unclear. Therefore, to evaluate and compare the normativity of report of SR, we conducted a comprehensive overview of depression during the SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 pandemics. Methods Two independent reviewers will conduct comprehensively searches in PubMed, EMBASE.com, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan fang Database, Chongqing VIP (CQVIP). Reference lists of articles, gray literature, and conference proceedings will also be searched. We will extract the data and assess the methodological quality using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) measurement tool and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. General characteristics of the eligible SRs will be summarized and described. We will provide AMSTAR-2 and PRISMA assessments in tabular form for each review, the total percentage of each item will be calculated. Endnote X8 and EXCEL will be used. Results Using the draft search strategy of databases, 8 SRs met the a priori criteria and were included. The overview of SRs will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusion Our overview will be a comprehensive synthesis of the existing systemic review on depression with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Protocol registration INPLASY202080003.

Background: This systematic review will assess the effectiveness and safety neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for cancer pain (CP) in children with osteosarcoma. Methods: This systematic review protocol will retrieve the following electronic databases from inception to June 1 in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and VIP database. Manual head-searching of reference lists and conference proceedings will be performed to further examine the articles of interest. No restrictions will be applied to language and publication status. We will utilize a 3-stage approach to scan titles, abstracts, and full-text studies against all eligibility criteria, and collect data from included trials. Study quality will be evaluated by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. If possible, we will narratively summarize study results and carry out meta-analysis. Results: This study will recapitulate the present high quality trials to appraise the effectiveness and safety of NMES for CP in children with osteosarcoma. Conclusion: The findings of this study will present evidence to determine whether NMES is effective and safe for CP in children with osteosarcoma.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of neural stem cell transplantation (NSCT) for the treatment of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: All potential randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on NSCT in the treatment of patients with SCI will be searched from the following electronic databases: Cochrane Library, MEDILINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CBM, WANGFANG, and CNKI. We will search all electronic databases from their initiation to the January 31, 2020 in spite of language and publication date. Two contributors will independently select studies from all searched literatures, extract data from included trials, and evaluate study quality for all eligible RCTs using Cochrane risk of bias tool, respectively. Any confusion will be resolved by consulting contributor and a consensus will be reached. We will utilize RevMan 5.3 software to pool the data and to conduct the data analysis. Results: This study will summarize the most recent RCTs to investigate the efficacy and safety of NSCT in the treatment of patients with SCI. Conclusion: This study will provide evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of NSCT in the treatment of patients with SCI at evidence-based medicine level. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020173792.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Pelvic mass onset following a hysterectomy due to benign disease is not rarely seen. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment are of great importance. This study aims to analyze the clinicopathological features of patients who have received surgery for pelvic mass following hysterectomy due to gynecological benign disease, especially endometriosis or adenomyosis. This study retrospectively analyzed the patients undergone reoperation for pelvic mass subsequently to hysterectomy from January 2012 to December 2016 in a tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 247 patients were enrolled in this study. There is a significant difference between the patients with or without a history of endometriosis/adenomyosis. Multivariate analysis showed that the pelvic mass had a higher risk of being ovarian endometrioid carcinoma, ovarian clear cell carcinoma, ovarian endometriosis, and ovarian physiological cysts in patients with a history of adenomyosis/endometriosis. The pathology of the subsequent pelvic mass inclines to be benign, includes ovarian endometriosis, ovarian physiological cysts, and pelvic encapsulated effusion. Postoperative adjuvant therapy for those received hysterectomy due to endometriosis/adenomyosis, like gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa), may contribute to the prevention of benign pelvic mass. Patients with a history of hysterectomy due to endometrisos/adenomyosis tend to have a shorter time interval between hysterectomy and pelvic malignant tumors onset.

Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) are the most common cytological abnormality of all smear test. No study has demonstrated the prevalence of cervical cancer or its precursor in Chinese patients with ASCUS. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 or worse (CIN1+) and CIN3 or worse (CIN3+) in patients with ASCUS in China to provide insight into appropriate management for Chinese health care. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, patients who underwent liquid-based thin layer cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) co-testing at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2014 and January 2017, and had ASCUS results on liquid-based thin layer cytology test and underwent follow-up and colposcopic biopsy were included. Age, HPV DNA test, and pathological outcomes were assessed. One hundred forty-four patients with ASCUS and positive HPV test results were included. In the 3-year follow-up, 23 (16.0%) patients had CIN1, 28 (19.4%) had CIN2, and 17 (11.8%) had CIN3 or carcinoma in situ. The risk of CIN3+ was significantly higher in those older than 60 years (42.8%, P = .005), whereas the CIN1+ prevalence displayed no significant difference between age groups. Both hybrid Capture II (HC II) value and cytopathological description of HPV infection showed no statistically significant correlation with CIN1+ or CIN3+. Patients with HPV-positive ASCUS who were older than 60 years had a significantly higher risk of CIN3+, and clinicians should pay more attention to them. Both HC II value and cytopathological description of HPV infection showed no significant correlation with CIN1+ or CIN3+.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Background: Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes that produces pigments and can occur in the whole body. It is characterized by strong invasiveness, high metastasis rate and poor prognosis, and brings heavy burden to patients and society. In order to find the most effective and safe treatment measures, in this study, a network meta-analysis (NMA) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of advanced melanoma treated with PD-1 inhibitors will be conducted based on the existing systematic reviews (SRs) of PD-1 inhibitor in the treatment of advanced melanoma. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched on December 18, 2018 to obtain systematic reviews of PD-1 inhibitor in the treatment of advanced melanoma. Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR2) will be used to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be applied to evaluate the evidence quality of outcome measures, and the Cochrane's risk of bias tool will be utilized to appraise risks of bias of each embedded RCTs. And the outcomes are overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). Hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to synthesize dichotomous outcomes, while the mean difference (MD) for the continuous variables. R3.5.1 will be used to create a network evidence map for direct and indirect comparative analysis. Results: This study will provide a comprehensive summary of the current evidences related to the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor in advanced melanoma. Conclusion: Our findings will be useful to assist clinicians make reasonable decisions to the treatment of advanced melanoma. Ethics and Communication: It is unnecessary for this NMA to acquire an ethical approval, because it is based on published researches. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019120017

Background: Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) drugs treatment-related adverse events (AEs) are not uniform based on current study for patients with cancer. The study aimed to provide a complete toxicity profile and toxicity spectrum for anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 drugs. Methods: All systematic reviews (SRs) with meta-analyses (MAs) relate to the anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 drugs and SRs will be searched in the database of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to February 2019. Eligible publications must have reported site, organ, or system level data on treatment-related AEs. The following will extract from each SRs: first author, year of publication, country of origin, number of origin study, number of patients enrolled, participant characteristics, duration of cancer diagnosis, cancer types, detailed description of treatment, and occurrence of AEs. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) and A Measurements Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) will be used to assess the reporting and methodological quality of SRs/MAs. The characteristics of the included SRs/MAs and their quality will descriptively summarized using systematically structured tables. A network meta-analysis (NMAs) approach versus a narrative synthesis will be used to examine data synthesis considered. Odds ratios and 95% credibility intervals will be used as summary statistics. Evidence mapping (EM) method will to present the evidence landscape related to anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 drugs treatment-related AEs for patients with cancer. Discussion: The results of the overview will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. Ethics and dissemination: Because this study is not a clinical study, and we will search and evaluate only existing sources of literature. So, ethical approval is not required.

To compare the effect of perioperative holistic care versus conventional care on the levels of anxiety and depression of pituitary tumor patients at a single tertiary care center in China. We enrolled 100 patients who underwent transnaso-sphenoidal microsurgical resection of pituitary tumor at our institution between January 2017 and December 2017. The patients were assigned to the conventional care group (n = 50) and the holistic care group by the order of admission. Patients were evaluated by staff nurses at admission and upon discharge from the hospital using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and the self-rating depression scale (SDS). QoL was assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30. The 2 groups were comparable in the demographic and baseline variables including baseline SDS and SAS scores (P > .05). A significantly greater reduction in SAS score was observed in the holistic care group versus the conventional care group (−19.14% vs −11.60%; P

Different biological subtype breast cancers respond differently to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but it is unknown whether neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy leads to different long-term survival in each specific subtype although equal outcomes have been reported in general population. This study sought to clarify whether the selection of either neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy was linked to a differential survival benefit based on breast cancer subtypes. A prospectively maintained breast cancer database was queried from 2000 to 2008. All patients with a diagnosis of stage II and III breast cancer who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy were identified, only patients receiving docetaxel and epirubicin (TA) regimen were included. Patients were divided according to the administration of neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. The biological subtypes were determined by immunohistochemical tests. The outcomes between neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy were compared in each different subtype. Kaplan–Meier curves were generated, and the Cox model was used to estimate the association between death risk and chemotherapy timing while adjusting for potentially confounding factors. P values < .05 were considered statistically significant. Of the 406 patients included, 201 (49.5%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and 205 (50.5%) received an adjuvant TA regimen. Patients with the HER2+ and TNBC subtypes showed significantly higher pCR rates than patients with luminal types (P .99) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed equivalent OS when compared to patients undergoing adjuvant therapy. Neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy results in a disparate impact on overall survival among patients with variant subtype breast cancer. When neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given, luminal B-like patients showed worse outcome, while patients with HER2+ disease had better OS. Prospective studies are necessary to determine and optimize the timing of chemotherapy for breast cancers with different molecular backgrounds.

Background: Depression as a clinically significant and growing public health issue is the third leading cause of disability. Adolescent-onset depression has been associated with psychiatric, anxiety disorders, suicidality, medical comorbidities, and an elevated risk of major depressive disorder episodes later in life. How to effectively identify, prevent, and treat depression has become one of the key points of discussion among medical institutions/departments. With the importance of depression being emphasized, countries/organizations around the world have developed guidelines for clinical practice related to depression for different groups of people to guide medical staff to implement scientific, effective, and standardized depression management. However, the quality of such guidelines is not yet clear, which is not conducive to the selection of medical staff and affects clinical application to a certain extent. This study aims to evaluate the rigor of the development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for depression in children and adolescents and will identify, in these documents, the recommendations for depression in children and adolescents. Methods: Electronic databases and specific databases of CPGs will be searched. Study selection and data extraction will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. The AGREE II Instrument and RIGHT checklist will be used to assess the methodological quality and reporting quality of included CPGs about depression in children and adolescents. We will also analyze consistency and inconsistency of the recommendations in CPGs, including assessment, diagnosis, screening, treatment, and management. Bubble charts will be used to show the differences in methodological and reporting quality. Subgroup analysis will be conducted according to the result of evaluation. Excel and Endnote X9 will be used. Results: Using the search drafts of electronic databases, we included 6 CPGs. The results of our study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusions: Our study will provide systematic evidence for existing CPGs for depression in children and adolescents and provide a guidance for CPGs users. Protocol Registration: INPLASY202080002.

Background: The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of urinary incontinence (UI) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: All potential studies will be retrieved from the electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CBM, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from origin of each database up to January 31, 2020. Additionally, we will check other resources, such as Google scholar, dissertations, conference proceedings, and reference lists of included studies. No language and publication date limitations will be considered in the literature resources search. All randomized controlled trials using EA for the treatment of UI in patients with SCI will be included. Two independent investigators will perform study selection, data extraction and study quality assessment. If any conflicts occur, we will invite a third investigator to solve them. Cochrane risk of bias will be used for study quality assessment, and RevMan 5.3 software will be employed for statistical analysis. Results: This study will summarize the most recent evidence to assess the effectiveness and safety of EA for the treatment of UI in patients with SCI. Conclusion: The results of this study will provide helpful evidence to determine whether EA is effective and safety for the treatment of UI in patients with SCI or not. PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020165562.

Background: This study will appraise the effectiveness and safety of suprascapular nerve block (SNB) for the treatment of frozen shoulder (FS). Methods: This study will incorporate studies relevant to SNB on FS. Articles will be searched in the electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, WANGFANG, and CNKI) from inception to the present. In addition, this study will also retrieve conference proceedings and reference lists of included studies. All literature source searches will not be restricted by date and language. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool will be utilized to evaluate the quality of retrieved trials. Data will be collected independently by 2 authors. All collected data will be analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software. Results: This study will synthesize the most recent published high quality trials on assessing the effectiveness and safety of SNB in treating FS. Conclusion: The findings of this study will provide a genuine understanding and helpful evidence to determine whether SNB is effective or not in treating FS. Study registration number: INPLASY202050084.

Background Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (PSSHS) is one of the most common sequelae in patients with stroke. Previous studies have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) has been used to treat this condition effectively. However, its conclusions are still inconsistent. Therefore, this study will provide evidence to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for the treatment of PSSHS. Methods We will comprehensively search relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for the treatment of PSSHS in the following databases from their start to February 1, 2020 without language and publication date limitations: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. For trials that meet all inclusion criteria, 2 researchers will independently extract the data from them and appraise study quality by Cochrane risk of bias. Any differences will be solved by discussion with the help of another researcher. All data will be performed and analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results We will summarize up-to-date high quality RCTs to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for the treatment of PSSHS. Conclusions This study will provide a comprehensive evidence summary to determine whether EPSW is effective and safety for the treatment of PSSHS or not. Prospero registration number PROSPERO CRD42020175630.

To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of pelvic masses after hysterectomy for benign diseases, and to analyze the related factors of benign and malignant pelvic masses. This study retrospectively analyzed the patients undergone reoperation for pelvic mass subsequently to hysterectomy for benign disease from January 2012 to December 2016 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. A total of 247 patients were enrolled in this study, of which 34.01% were diagnosed with malignant tumors, and 65.99% benign tumors. Comparing the clinicopathological data of patients with benign and malignant pelvic masses, significant differences were found between the 2 groups with regard to their ages of having hysterectomy and pelvic mass resection, and the time intervals between the onset of pelvic mass and hysterectomy. In addition, patients with malignant masses tended to complain of abdominal distension and abdominal pain, while most of those with benign masses were diagnosed during physical examination. Patients with malignant pelvic masses had medical imagines of mixed masses, extraovarian derivation, as well as elevated carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA 125). Multivariate analysis showed that ages of having hysterectomy, physical examination results, abnormal defecation, cystic and solid masses, and elevated CA 125 level were independent risk factors for benign and malignant pelvic masses. For patients having pelvic masses following hysterectomy for benign diseases, if they had hysterectomy later in their lives, and their masses were not found during physical examination, and had abnormal defecation, mixed cystic solid mass as well as elevated serum CA 125, it is suggested that special attention should be paid to the possibility of malignant tumors.

Background This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of electrical stimulation (ES) for postoperative pain (PPP) in patients with osteosarcoma systematically. Methods We will systematically search the following electronic databases from inception to the May 1, 2019: MEDILINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, and CNKI without language restrictions. All literatures of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-controlled studies (CCSs) of ES for PPP in patients with osteosarcoma will be included. RevMan 5.3 software (Cochrane Community; London, UK) and STATA 15.0 software (StataCorp; College Station) will be used for statistical analysis. Cochrane risk of bias will be used for methodological quality assessment for RCTs and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale will be utilized for CCSs. Results This study will assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of ES for PPP in patients with osteosarcoma through assessing primary outcome of pain intensity and secondary outcomes of frequency of rescue analgesic use, cumulative morphine consumption, quality of recovery, as well as adverse events. Conclusion This study will provide latest evidence on effectiveness and safety of ES for PPP in patients with osteosarcoma, and may also provide guidance for both clinician and further studies. Dissemination and ethics This study does not require ethical approval, because it will not analyze the individual patient data. Its results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019135790.

Background Previous clinical studies have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) monotherapy can effectively treat avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH). However, no systematic review has been conducted to assess its effectiveness and safety for patients with ANFH. Therefore, this study will systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of EPSW monotherapy for patients with ANFH. Methods In this study, the following electronic databases will be searched from their inceptions to the present: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. This study will include randomized controlled trials for assessing the effectiveness and safety of EPSW monotherapy for patients with ANFH. Two independent authors will perform study selection, data extraction, and methodology assessment. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis. Results This systematic review will provide latest summary evidence of EPSW monotherapy for patients with ANFH through assessing the outcome measurements. The primary outcome is pain intensity, which can be measured by visual analog scale or relevant measurement tools. The secondary outcomes are functional status of attacked femoral head, as assessed by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, or other relevant scales; quality of life, as evaluated by The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, or related instruments; and adverse events. Conclusion The results of this study may provide the latest evidence for assessing the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for the treatment of ANFH. Dissemination and ethics This study does not require ethical approval, because no individual data will be involved in this systematic review. The findings of this study will be published through a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019124665.

Background Previous clinical trials have reported that etoricoxib has been utilized to treat ankylosing spondylitis (AS) effectively. However, no study systematically investigated the efficacy and safety of etoricoxib for patients with AS. In this systematic review, we will assess the efficacy and safety of etoricoxib for AS. Methods The following electronic databases will be searched from inception to the February 1, 2019: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database. This study will include randomized controlled trials that explore the efficacy and safety of etoricoxib for AS. The primary outcome is pain intensity, as measured by any pain scales, such as Numerical Rating Scale. The secondary outcomes consist of AS function, as measured by Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, or other tools; quality of life, as assessed by Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life questionnaire or any other relevant instruments; as well as adverse events. Two authors will independently carry out the study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Statistical analysis will be performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results This systematic review will provide a detailed summary of present evidence related to the efficacy and safety of etoricoxib for patients with AS. Conclusion The results of this study may provide management guidance for AS treated by etoricoxib. Dissemination and ethics This systematic review dose not needs ethical approval, because it will not analyze individual patient data. The findings of this study are expected to publish through a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration CRD42019124768.

Background Previous clinical trials have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) can be used to treat low back pain (LBP), and have achieved satisfied effect. However, its effectiveness is still inconclusive. Thus, this systematic review will aim to assess the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for patients with LBP. Methods In this systematic review, the electronic databases of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wanfang Data will be searched from inception to January 1, 2019. Randomized controlled trials and case-control studies that assessed the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for LBP will be included. The primary outcome is pain intensity. The secondary outcomes are functional status, quality of life, psychological outcomes, as well as the adverse events. All process of the study selection, data extraction, and methodology evaluation will be carried out by two authors independently. RevMan 5.3 software will be utilized for statistical analysis. Results This study will provide a detailed summary of latest evidence related to the effectiveness and safety of EPSW in pain relief, improvement of functional status, quality of life, and psychological disorders in patients with LBP. Conclusion The findings of this study may provide possible guidance for LBP treated by EPSW. Dissemination and ethics Ethical approval is not required in this study, because it will not collect the original data from individual patient. The results are expected to publish through a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019120501.

Background:Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain, which often results in significant morbidity. There have been several treatment options that are used for plantar fasciitis, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, orthoses, physical therapy, and steroid injections.Objecti

Hip fracture is an important health care issue in the elderly. Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in 4% of patients after hip fracture surgery. However, previous research is limited regarding pulmonary rehabilitation in this group. In this study, we present clinical evidence regarding the impact of a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program in elderly hip fracture patients after hip surgery. We designed a nonrandomized, Quasi-experimental study, comparing 2 sequential time periods in the same center. Elderly patients (≥65 years) with a new hip fracture from February 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 and who were willing to undergo a postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation program were enrolled. The pulmonary rehabilitation program started on January 1, 2015. Patients who refused rehabilitation or did not receive a surgical intervention were excluded. Patients received either standard care (standard care group) or standard care plus the postoperative rehabilitation program (intervention group). A total of 240 patients (163 women and 77 men) were enrolled, including 138 in the standard care group and 102 in the intervention group. The intervention group had a significantly lower incidence of pneumonia (6 patients, 5.9%) compared to the standard care group (19 patients, 13.9%). An age >80 years, cancer status, and not undergoing the postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation program were factors associated with a higher risk of pneumonia. In multivariate analysis, age >80 years, history of stroke/cancer, thrombocytopenia, and hyperglycemia (>200 mg/dL) were identified as risk factors for pneumonia. The incidence of pneumonia was lower in the elderly patients with hip fractures who received the postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation program after surgery. This is the first trial to demonstrate the effect of a postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation program in hip surgery patients.