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This paper examines a particular aspect of Paolo Mantegazza's (1831-1910) work: the establishment of the Museo Psicologico as part of his anthropological project. The study begins by examining the general characteristics of Mantegazza's anthropological viewpoint, justifying the inclusion of comparative psychology as a subfield of anthropological psychology, with a focus on the key principles that served as the theoretical foundation for the establishment of the Museum. Subsequently, the proposal for the foundation of the Museum will be analyzed, including a description of the theoretical and methodological principles underlying the selection and arrangement of the objects to be collected. Finally, the paper will describe the Museo Psicologico at the time of its inauguration, providing an overview of its organization in the following years and an attempt to uncover the reasons behind its abrupt dissolution after the death of its founder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the practice of photojournalism in Spain and, specifically, focuses on the study of the graphic archive of the EFE Agency (1939-) and its own production, developed within and outside its borders. The acquisition of funds has been taken into consideration as part of this process and, in the same way, it has also been necessary to consider the creation, in the year 2000, of the digital graphic archive: The Photo Library, inheritance of the thematic classification of analog and the nomenclature and, in this process, the documentation system used has been contributed as a result of the conclusions - through primary sources and direct observation - with emphasis on the thematic classification used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between Erasmus and stoicism is very lightly discussed in contemporary political and philosophical historiography, being itself extremely relevant in helping to understand the complex spirituality of late 16th-century courtly and humanist circles. Moreover, it is of great interest with regards to the understanding of the anthropological and political limits of ErasmusÂ's project, whose philosophical sources have not been sufficiently analyzed. This paper aims to explain and clarify the nature of thus relation, positing it in the context of the great historical and intellectual problems of the Hispanic Monarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contrast to the traditional interpretation that reduces Spanish-French rivalry to a succession of military confrontations that originated during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs, this paper offers a more complex reading of the phenomena of emulation/competition and admiration/seduction between the two monarchies during the first phase of the Italian Wars. Thanks to a re-reading of diplomatic sources and propagandistic production, it shows to what extent the yearnings for religious reform, defence against Ottoman expansion or the recovery of the Christian East conditioned the perceptions and justifications of both powers, which needed the Apostolic See to legitimise their Mediterranean aspirations and their leadership in Christendom. However, there are differences in the means employed and in the degree of synergy with the papacy between the Valois and the last Trastamara monarchies that explain the ascendence of the latter in the early modern period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the evolution of the memory of the conflict known as the Rif War (1921-1926), both in Spain and Morocco, contrasting the visions in both countries and making a special emphasis on its main milestones and protagonists, such as the episode of Annual and the figure of Abdelkrim. In the Spanish case, both the Franco dictatorship and the democratic period up to the present day will be covered, while the Moroccan case will be analyzed from independence in 1956 to 2021, the date on which the centenary of Annual was commemorated. Attention will be paid to the political and social uses of history through the politics of memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the presence of Spaniards in the Doctoral Colleges of Naples, from its erection in 1584 to 1699. The characteristics of the Colleges and the sociology of the doctors are explained and the graduates who declared themselves as Spaniard and those who were originally from Spain are studied. This provides a more accurate profile of the presence of Spaniard Doctors in Naples and allows new prosopographical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexander the Great is a historical figure who has caught the interest of the academic and artistic world. In cinema, we must highlight the films by the American directors Robert Rossen and Oliver Stone. This paper reflects on the idea of empire that is developed here considering that the United States is the current empire and that both filmmakers show a critical position with certain policies of their country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Carrera de Indias has been one of the areas of study that has received the most attention in historiography, especially on the relationships between Spain and America throughout the colonial period. The traffic of ships, men and merchandise continues to appeal considerable treatment, since the phenomenon presents enormous research possibilities: nautical, emigration, trade; but it is also true that the economic and human aspect has prevailed, leaving aside other dimensions. And so, among the emigrants settled there and the families that remained here, a large correspondence was maintained throughout the centuries of Modernity. Multiple references were made in these letters to the new life they were beginning in the West Indies. Among these references there was no shortage of those corresponding to life on board. This research paper aims to analyze what were the foods shipped for the journey to America and what recommendations were contained in the letters in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Early Modern Times, water was one of the most important natural resources, especially in arid or semi-arid regions such as La Mancha. In this territory, liquid element was barely used in agriculture, because watering farming was a residual activity. More important was its use in the processing industry, transforming the cereals grown in its fields into flour. This paper analyses the conditions of water exploitation in the Guadiana River basin during the pre-industrial period and focuses on the water mills that lined its riverbanks. It also examines other uses not linked to the milling and attempts to explain its geographical location and its technical evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The privileges of protection and immunity were a social and political reality common to European medieval kingdoms. In Iberian Peninsula, «coto» or «acotamiento» privileges played a main role in royal politics of the kingdom of León to preserve the royal jurisdiction in all territory and abandon the visigothic administrative model. In order to understand this role, it's essential to clarify the chronology, when monarchs used these privileges, and in which administrative context. This paper aims to offer a systematic study about their development, use and disuse; their main characteristics and their clauses evolution. To get it a database with all Galicia's published privileges, and so many unpublished, has been created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the critical opinion created and spread by various factions of power in Majorca, during the final years of a period of transition between two different government systems. The trial opened after a physical aggression suffered by the alleged author of a satire allows us to know the existence of social and political nature clashes: austracists against bourbons, Majorcans against outsiders, civil power against military power. It also allows us to observe both the way the critical literature was spread, and the societal manipulation carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]