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Refereed/Peer-reviewed Narasin (NAR) is a commonly used ionophoric antibiotic used in the poultry industry, cattle and pig production both for treating coccidiosis and increasing feed conversion efficiency. To ensure safe administration of NAR into the feed is important to avoid toxicity to farm animals caused by incorporation of large doses or non-homogenous mixing, which requires a simple and sensitive chromatographic method to quantify NAR. However, NAR detection by HPLC is challenging as it lacks a chromophore making it less susceptible to UV and fluorescence detection, and the published analytical methods suffer from disadvantages such as the need for complex derivatization or the use of high volumes of hazardous organic solvents. Herein, a novel, simple, rapid, and cost-effective HPLC method is reported to quantify NAR and a study of forced degradation under acidic, basic, temperature, and oxidative conditions are proposed. The separation was performed using a Phenomenex C18 analytical column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm) and the mobile phase composed of 920 mL methanol, 80 mL water and 10 mL glacial acetic acid. A flow rate of 1 mL/min, and sample injection volume of 50 μL was used to detect NAR using the refractive index detector. The HPLC method was validated according to FDA guidelines and was found to be accurate, precise, sensitive and robust. It was shown to be linear at ranges of 200 to 900 µg/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 7.1 µg/mL and 21.5 µg/mL respectively. The method was successfully used to quantify the drug in its commercial formulation and a forced degradation study was performed under acidic, basic, temperature, and oxidative conditions. The greenness profile of the method was also investigated and compared to reported methods using the green analytical procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach and Software (AGREE) tools. The results indicated the greenness of the developed method.

The combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (Cis) has been used for the treatment of many cancers. The combination demonstrates synergy and improved clinical outcomes encouraging developing a formulation with both drugs. An analytical procedure is essential for formulation studies; however, no method has been reported for the concurrent determination and quantification of both 5-FU and Cis to date. A novel, simple, accurate, and precise HPLC method was developed using a C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) and mobile phase composed of 0.5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate: methanol (98:2, v/v), adjusted to pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid. A flow rate of 0.5 mL/min was applied and a photodiode array was utilized for detection and the retention times were 9.89 min (265 nm) for 5-FU and 5.36 min (210 nm) for Cis. Validation procedures were performed, and the method was found to be linear at ranges of 0.9–60.0 µg/mL for 5-FU and 6.0–60.0 µg/mL for Cis. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.10 and 0.25 µg/mL for 5-FU and 2.00 and 4.00 µg/mL for Cis, respectively. Other parameters such as precision, selectivity, robustness, and stability results were within acceptable limits. The method was applied to a model co-eluting film and its release profile was studied. Additionally, the method's greenness was evaluated by four assessment tools namely the national environmental method index (NEMI), analytical eco scale assessment (ESA), green analytical procedure index (GAPI), and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach and Software (AGREE). The results demonstrated compliance with green analytical chemistry (GAC) practices. This research acts as a step towards further investigation of drug stability under different stress conditions and quantification of the intact drugs in presence of their degradation products. Refereed/Peer-reviewed