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Cancer pain management is the most problematic when found in patients who have a malignant tumor, and represents the most feared consequences for patients and their families. A thorough literature review was conducted using the electronic databases of CINAHL, EBSCO, MEDLINE, and PUB MED, for articles published between 2007 and 2013. We developed quality standards; using a research study, and selected domains based on the framework of the type of cancer pain management into both types of treatment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological cancer pain management, in order to manage cancer related pain through multidisciplinary aspects and holistic approach. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological modalities give the opportunity for effective care to be provided to cancer patients. Also, these techniques may help in reducing pain and it must be encouraged as a part of the holistic cancer pain management efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roy Adaptation Model has the five main concepts of nursing theory: the health, the person, the nurse, the adaptation and the environment. Roy views the person in a holistic way. The core concept in her model is adaptation. The concept of adaptation assumes that a person is an open system who responds to stimuli from both internal and external aspects of the person. This study will be guided by Roy Adaptation Model as a conceptual framework in order to (1) to investigate the relationship between environmental stimuli (focal, contextual, and Residual stimuli) and four adaptive modes of RAM which causes cancer related pain (2) and to note the effect of environmental stimuli on coping mechanism (3) to correlate research variable with theory concept, and to assist the researcher to predict the results and recommendations by answering the research question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A research critique is a careful appraisal of the strengths and weaknesses of the study. Critique of quantitative study involves an in-depth review of how each step of the research was undertaken and conducted. The ability to evaluate the quantitative design research article is a necessary skill for practitioners and researchers of all disciplines, including nursing, in order to judge the integrity and usefulness of the evidence and conclusions made in an article. In general, this skill is automatic for many practitioners and researchers who already possess a good working knowledge of research methodology, including: hypothesis development, sampling techniques, study design, testing procedures and instrumentation, data collection and data management, statistics, and interpretation of findings. However, research critique is a mechanism to provide feedback for improvement and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]