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With the exception of the one gun per battery still firing on the Russian gun positions, the German counterbattery guns continued to fire on deeper infantry targets during the first two phases of the creeping barrage. The German success at Riga depended on the split-second synchronization of creeping artillery barrages and infantry infiltration tactics. Riga was also the first clash in which the new infantry assault tactics and Bruchmüller's artillery tactics were combined and synchronized. Features On the strategic level the Battle of Riga, fought in Latvia on Sept. 1-5, 1917, effectively knocked Russia out of World War I. On the tactical level, however, Riga was even more significant. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the history of the German Army. Topics covered include the decision by the postwar Allied Control Council to dissolve the Nazi Germany's armed forces, the Wehrmacht, on August 20, 1946 after it surrendered unconditionally to the Western Allies, the establishment of the Bundeswehr, the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1955, and the role played by the Bundeswehr's first two lieutenant generals, Hans Speidel and Adolf Heusinger in the new armed forces.

The article discusses how Americans marched to the Western Front in 1917 for checkmate in the Baltics during World War 1. Topics include German strength that require a massive boost to win the war in the West, where the German Eighth Army managed to capture the Russian Baltic port of Riga in early September; and significant and time-consuming mobilization effort instituted by British after outbreak of war.

The article offers information on the attack by Canada's 1st Battalion, Black Watch of the Royal Highland Regiment, against German troops with the aim of opening Antwerp, Belgium on October 13, 1944. Topics include the Operation Market Garden which aimed to capture a series of bridges, British Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, and the attempt of the Canadian Algonquin Regiment to cross the canals on the boundary of the Breskens Pocket.

The article presents images of the German military in 1914-1918, offering a fresh look at how the Empire's industrialized armed forces fought in World War I, cited as the first large-scale armed conflict photographed in detail.

The article presents a history of the Battle of the Hedgerows in France during World War II. The city of Saint Lô was the U.S. Army's key to breaking out of Normandy into the French hinterland. On the morning of July 11, 1944, the 116th Regiment, 29th Infantry Division, advanced toward Martinville Ridge, a couple of miles east of Saint Lô The German defenders were deployed in ideal positions along a sunken road fortified with barbwire and mines.

Interviews Lothar Seifert, a former German child soldier and schoolboy who was conscripted to man a German anti-aircraft battery in World War II. Age of conscription into the German military; His opinion on wearing the armband of the Hitler Youth; Duties assigned to him; His life as a prisoner of war.

The article explores how the U.S. forces used the Kall Trail in Hürtgen Forest in Germany in November 1944. The Americans had tried to move more tanks across the gorge, but about noon on November 4. The Germans had stopped the attack and pushed the Americans back across the Kall and completely out of the gorge by November 8. The 28th Infantry Division had sustained 6,184 casualties in just six days of fighting.

The article discusses the development of the German military helmet in 1915, the basic design of which is manifested in the Kevlar helmet used by U.S. service personnel in 2011. It details a study of the nature of returning soldiers' head wounds by Prussian engineering professor Friedrich Schwerd of the Technical Institute of Hanover in Germany. It describes the fabrication of the Model 1916 steel helmet first used in the February 1916 Verdun offensive, becoming the standard after refinements.