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Vitamin D deficiency is a global pandemic associated with increased health care costs and could play a role in the pathogenesis and management of inflammatory bowel disease. This study examined vitamin D status in veterans with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and assessed its relationship to health care costs and service utilization. Veteran patients (n = 125) with UC or CD and with an available 25-hydroxyvitamin D level were studied. CD patients were more likely to be vitamin D insufficient than the UC group. Despite the higher vitamin D levels among UC patients, they were significantly more likely to utilize laboratory and pharmacy services compared with CD patients, whereas patients with CD had significantly higher radiology and pharmacy costs. Thus, it is likely that disease-specific characteristics rather than vitamin D status determine the costs of health care services in veterans with established inflammatory bowel disease.

Vitamin D deficiency is often unrecognized and has been linked to many chronic diseases. Vitamin D supplementation has been shown to ameliorate these chronic diseases and may reduce the prevalence of some cancers. We analyzed the health care costs associated with vitamin D deficiency in Veterans in Northeast Tennessee. A retrospective electronic chart analysis of the relationship of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status to health care costs, services, and utilization was done in 886 veterans. The overall costs were higher by 39% in the vitamin D-deficient group. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased service utilization in many areas including more frequent emergency room and clinic visits as well as increased inpatient stay and inpatient services. The serum level of vitamin D was also related to health care costs, although to a lesser extent. Vitamin D deficiency is closely linked to increased health care costs in veterans.