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The study of clinical features and identification of inflammatory markers in the bronchi of 52 schoolchildren with overweight and bronchial asthma has been carried out. It was found that overweight children are characterized by long persistent nature of bronchial asthma, and, compared with patients with normal body weight, — by worse asthma control, especially due to more frequent use of β-agonists as needed and more exacerbations. It was noted that after 6 months of the basic anti-inflammatory therapy, patients with overweight still had worse indicators of asthma control in comparison with children with normal weight, and a significant improvement was only in terms of such indicator of the subjective assessment of their condition, as the incidence of daytime symptoms, and of objective criteria of the control — respiratory function. It should be noted that the effectiveness of a standard basic treatment in patients with overweight is insufficient, indicating the need for individualized treatment in this cohort of patients.

One of the aspects of inadequate control of severe bronchial asthma (BA) is its phenotypic heterogeneity. Although the relationship between obesity and BA is certain, the mechanism of this phenotype of the disease is poorly understood. The objective of the study was to improve the efficiency of basic treatment for severe BA in school-age children predisposed to overweight based on an analysis of indicators of control, inflammatometry and spirometric characteristics. In a pulmonary department of regional clinical hospital (Chernivtsi), there were examined 18 children predisposed to overweight, whose body mass index exceeded the limits of 95% confidence interval (21.7 kg/m2) (I clinical group). Control group consisted of 39 patients with severe BA, who are not predisposed to overweight. It is proved that a predisposition to overweight in children with severe persistent BA adversely affect the indicators of achieving disease control. The lower efficacy of basic treatment in children predisposed to overweight is established that is due to a significantly greater share of school-age children with neutrophilic nature of bronchia inflammation in this group and airway hypersensitivity to histamine.