1. Expressing human SHOX in Shox2SHOX KI/KI mice leads to congenital osteoarthritis-like disease of the temporomandibular joint in postnatal mice
- Author
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Shanshan Ding, Jianying Shen, Wenna Liang, Candong Li, Houhuang Chen, Jie Kang, Xiang Shao, Xuejuan Lin, and Xihai Li
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Pathology ,TMJ disorders ,Gene Expression ,Osteoarthritis ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Short Stature Homeobox Protein ,Gene Knock-In Techniques ,Temporomandibular Joint ,biology ,matrix metalloproteinases ,Articles ,Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ,hedgehog signaling ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Indian hedgehog ,extracellular matrix ,Short stature ,Bone and Bones ,Collagen Type I ,Condyle ,03 medical and health sciences ,stomatognathic system ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ,Synovial joint ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Collagen Type II ,Molecular Biology ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Wasting Syndrome ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular medicine ,Temporomandibular joint ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,business - Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), a unique synovial joint whose development differs from that of other synovial joints, develops from two distinct mesenchymal condensations that grow toward each other and ossify through different mechanisms. The short stature homeobox 2 (Shox2) gene serves an important role in TMJ development and previous studies have demonstrated that Shox2SHOX KI/KI mice display a TMJ defective phenotype, congenital dysplasia and premature eroding of the articular disc, which is clinically defined as a TMJ disorder. In the present study, Shox2SHOX KI/KI mouse models were used to investigate the mechanisms of congenital osteoarthritis (OA)‑like disease during postnatal TMJ growth. Shox2SHOX KI/KI mice were observed to develop a severe muscle wasting syndrome from day 7 postnatal. Histological examination indicated that the condyle and glenoid fossa of Shox2SHOX KI/KI mice was reduced in size in the second week after birth. The condyles of Shox2SHOX KI/KI mice exhibited reduced expression levels of collagen type II and Indian hedgehog, and increased expression of collagen type I. A marked increase in matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and MMP13 in the condyles was also observed. These cellular and molecular defects may contribute to the observed (OA)‑like phenotype of Shox2SHOX KI/KI mouse TMJs.
- Published
- 2016