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The Brazilian demographic dynamics, especially in the first half of the twentieth century, was intensely characterized by mass displacement towards the largest urban centers in the country. However, in the last two decades of the century, there was a considerable migratory flow of people returning to their States of origin. Thus, this research aimed to broaden the understanding of this population dynamics characterized as return migration, especially among northeastern migrants who leave the two largest metropolitan regions of Brazil and return to their homeland. From the process of interpretation of the variations recorded in order to understand the reason for migration numbers, it is concluded that a significant fraction of the population, especially the one with a lower financial condition, is susceptible to the consequences that the transformations of a fundamentally economic and Quality and projection of life imposes on him regardless of the region of residence, forcing even the return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]