Search

The extreme versatility of two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) materials derives from their ability to exhibit new electronic properties when assembled in proximity with dissimilar crystals. For example, although graphene is inherently non-magnetic, recent work has reported a magnetic proximity effect in graphene interfaced with magnetic substrates, potentially enabling a pathway towards achieving a high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect. Here, we investigate heterostructures of graphene and chromium trihalide magnetic insulators (CrI$_3$, CrBr$_3$, and CrCl$_3$). Surprisingly, we are unable to detect a magnetic exchange field in the graphene, but instead discover proximity effects featuring unprecedented gate-tunability. The graphene becomes highly hole-doped due to charge transfer from the neighboring magnetic insulator, and further exhibits a variety of atypical transport features. These include highly extended quantum Hall plateaus, abrupt reversals in the Landau level filling sequence, and hysteresis over at least days-long time scales. In the case of CrI$_3$, we are able to completely suppress the charge transfer and all attendant atypical transport effects by gating. The charge transfer can additionally be altered in a first-order phase transition upon switching the magnetic states of the nearest CrI$_3$ layers. Our results provide a roadmap for exploiting the magnetic proximity effect in graphene, and motivate further experiments with other magnetic insulators., 24 pages, 22 figures

Direct optical probing of the antiferromagnetic order parameter in atomically thin samples is challenging, for example, via magneto-optical spectroscopy, due to the lack of net magnetization. Here, we report zigzag-antiferromagnetism (AFM) induced optical linear dichroism (LD) in layered transition-metal thiophosphate FePS3 down to the monolayer limit. The observed LD is giant despite having the optical wave vector parallel to the Neel vector. The LD is at least one order of magnitude larger than those reported in other antiferromagnetic systems, where the optical wave vector is orthogonal to the Neel vector. The large LD enables the probe of 60° orientated zigzag-AFM domains. The optical anisotropy in FePS3 originates from an electronic anisotropy associated with the zigzag direction of the AFM order and is independent of the spin-pointing direction. Our findings point to a new optical approach for the investigation and control of zigzag or stripe magnetic order in strongly correlated systems.

We have synthesized unique colloidal nanoplatelets of the two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals ferromagnet CrI3 and have characterized these nanoplatelets structurally, magnetically, and by magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. The CrI3 nanoplatelets have lateral dimensions of ∼25 nm and thicknesses of only ∼4 nm, corresponding to just a few CrI3 monolayers. Magnetic and magneto-optical measurements demonstrate robust 2D ferromagnetic ordering with Curie temperatures similar to bulk CrI3, despite their small size. These data also show magnetization steps akin to those observed in micron-sized few-layer 2D sheets associated with concerted spin-reversal of individual CrI3 layers within few-layer van der Waals stacks. Similar data have also been obtained for CrBr3 and anion-alloyed Cr(I1–xBrx)3 nanoplatelets. These results represent the first example of lateral nanostructures of 2D van der Waals ferromagnets of any composition. The demonstration of robust ferromagnetism at nanometer lateral dimensions open...

van der Waals (vdW) magnets have emerged as a tunable platform for exploring a variety of layer-dependent magnetic phenomena. Here we probe the thickness-dependent magnetism of vanadium triiodide (VI

Direct optical probing of the antiferromagnetic order parameter in atomically thin samples is challenging, for example, via magneto-optical spectroscopy, due to the lack of net magnetization. Here, we report zigzag-antiferromagnetism (AFM) induced optical linear dichroism (LD) in layered transition-metal thiophosphate FePS

MnBi