1. Gene toxicity studies on titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanomaterials used for UV-protection in cosmetic formulations
- Author
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Karin Wiench, Markus Schulz, Ben van Ravenzwaay, Stefan Schulte, Franz Oesch, Lan Ma-Hock, Robert Landsiedel, Wendel Wohlleben, and Samantha Champ
- Subjects
Male ,Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bone Marrow Cells ,Nanotechnology ,Cosmetics ,Gene mutation ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cell Line ,Nanomaterials ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Salmonella ,In vivo ,Cricetinae ,Administration, Inhalation ,Macrophages, Alveolar ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ,Titanium ,Chromatography ,Mutagenicity Tests ,Body Weight ,In vitro ,Nanostructures ,Rats ,chemistry ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,Micronucleus test ,Titanium dioxide ,Zinc Oxide ,Micronucleus ,Sunscreening Agents ,Genotoxicity - Abstract
Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanomaterials, used as UV protecting agents in sunscreens, were investigated for their potential genotoxicity in in vitro and in vivo test systems. Since standard OECD test methods are designed for soluble materials and genotoxicity testing for nanomaterials is still under revision, a battery of standard tests was used, covering different endpoints. Additionally, a procedure to disperse the nanomaterials in the test media and careful characterization of the dispersed test item was added to the testing methods. No genotoxicity was observed in vitro (Ames' Salmonella gene mutation test and V79 micronucleus chromosome mutation test) or in vivo (mouse bone marrow micronucleus test and Comet DNA damage assay in lung cells from rats exposed by inhalation). These results add to the still limited data base on genotoxicity test results with nanomaterials and provide congruent results of a battery of standard OECD test methods applied to nanomaterials.
- Published
- 2010
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