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In our continuation of exploring antidiabetic agents from Garcinia species, we found that the methanolic extract of G. macrantha A.C.Sm. exhibited considerable α-glucosidase inhibition of 58.20 ± 0.37% in sucrose substrate and 39.86 ± 2.07% in maltose substrate at 100 μg/mL. Phytochemical investigation on the extract revealed the presence of a new biphenyl, macrabiphenyl A, which was successfully elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods (HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR). The α-glucosidase inhibitory evaluation indicated that the new compound was weakly active against the enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report describes the isolation and characterization of xanthones from Garcinia bancana Miq. and evaluates their antiplasmodial and anticancer activities. Macluraxanthone (1), isojacareubin (2), and gerontoxanthone C (3) were isolated from the stem bark of G. bancana Miq. for the first time. In silico molecular docking studies revealed the hydrogen bonding and steric interactions between xanthones (1–3) and PfLDH/VEGFR2. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was assayed against the chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) method. The anticancer evaluation was evaluated against the A549, MCF-7, HeLa, and B-16 cancer cell lines. Compounds (1) (IC50 8.45–16.71 μM) and (3) (IC50 9.69–14.86 μM) showed more potent anticancer activity than compound (2) (IC50 25.46–31.31 μM), as well for their antiplasmodial activity (4.28 μM, 5.52 μM, 11.45 μM). Our findings indicated the potential of G. bancana Miq. as a natural resource of antiplasmodial and anticancer compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]