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Nitraria sibirica is a traditional Uighur medicine. This study was undertaken to investigate the bioactivity of N. sibirica fruit extract and to evaluate their chemical compositions. The ethyl acetate extract from N. sibirica fruits exhibited the potential antioxidant activity (SC50 = 30.17 ± 0.06 µg/mL) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity (IC50 = 7.15 ± 0.03 µg/mL) in vitro. In order to investigate the active constituents in this extract, a LC-QTOF-MS/MS method was developed and established. A total of 28 compounds including seven cinnamic acids, nine benzoic acids and 12 flavonoids were identified or partially characterised according to the accurate mass and the characteristic fragment ions at low and high collision energy. Most of them were reported for the first time in this plant. Phytochemical profiles of the active extract will help the development and utilisation of N. sibirica in food and medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juniperus chinensis cv. Kaizuca has extensive pharmacological activities. The cone oils exhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity in vitro. The IC50 value was 4.49 ± 0.04 μg/mL. A total of 17 compounds were characterised from the cone oils by GC-MS. In order to explain the activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, the identified compounds from cone oils were individually docked with the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B protein by virtual molecular docking. As a result, thunbergene was completely wrapped by the active site of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, and its binding energy was −6.41 kcal/mol. The result indicated that thunbergene possessed the potential protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity, which may be responsible for the activity of cone oils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sabina chinensiscv. Kaizuca (SCK) is a variant ofS. chinensisL. The essential oil from its leaves exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activityin vitroand the IC50value was 187.08 ± 0.56 μg/mL. Nineteen compounds were identified from this essential oil by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The major compounds identified were bornyl acetate (42.6%), elemol (20.5%), β-myrcene (13.7%) and β-linalool (4.0%). In order to study the reason of the α-amylase inhibitory activity of this essential oil, the identified compounds were docked with α-amylase by molecular docking individually. Among these compounds, γ-eudesmol exhibited the lowest binding energy (−6.73 kcal/mol), followed by α-copaen-11-ol (−6.66 kcal/mol), cubedol (−6.39 kcal/mol) and α-acorenol (−6.12 kcal/mol). The results indicated that these compounds were the active ingredients responsible for the α-amylase inhibitory activity of essential oil from SCK. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]