1. Measurement of quantum back action in the audio band at room temperature
- Author
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Cripe, Jonathan, Aggarwal, Nancy, Lanza, Robert, Libson, Adam, Singh, Robinjeet, Heu, Paula, and Follman, David
- Subjects
Broadband -- Research ,Quantum mechanics -- Analysis ,Electromagnetic noise -- Measurement ,Radiation (Physics) ,Detection equipment ,Gravitational waves ,Broadband Internet ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Quantum mechanics places a fundamental limit on the precision of continuous measurements. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle dictates that as the precision of a measurement of an observable (for example, position) increases, back action creates increased uncertainty in the conjugate variable (for example, momentum). In interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, higher laser powers reduce the position uncertainty created by shot noise (the photon-counting error caused by the quantum nature of the laser) but necessarily do so at the expense of back action in the form of quantum radiation pressure noise (QRPN).sup.1. Once at design sensitivity, the gravitational-wave detectors Advanced LIGO.sup.2, VIRGO.sup.3 and KAGRA.sup.4 will be limited by QRPN at frequencies between 10 hertz and 100 hertz. There exist several proposals to improve the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors by mitigating QRPN.sup.5-10, but until now no platform has allowed for experimental tests of these ideas. Here we present a broadband measurement of QRPN at room temperature at frequencies relevant to gravitational-wave detectors. The noise spectrum obtained shows effects due to QRPN between about 2 kilohertz and 100 kilohertz, and the measured magnitude of QRPN agrees with our model. We now have a testbed for studying techniques with which to mitigate quantum back action, such as variational readout and squeezed light injection.sup.7, with the aim of improving the sensitivity of future gravitational-wave detectors. Future gravitational-wave detectors are expected to be limited by quantum back action, which is now found in the audio band in a low-loss optomechanical system., Author(s): Jonathan Cripe [sup.1] , Nancy Aggarwal [sup.2] , Robert Lanza [sup.2] , Adam Libson [sup.2] , Robinjeet Singh [sup.1] , Paula Heu [sup.3] [sup.4] , David Follman [sup.3] [sup.4] [...]
- Published
- 2019
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