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1. Corrigendum: A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10

Author

S, Buitink, A, Corstanje, H, Falcke, J R, Hörandel, T, Huege, A, Nelles, J P, Rachen, L, Rossetto, P, Schellart, O, Scholten, S, Ter Veen, S, Thoudam, T N G, Trinh, J, Anderson, A, Asgekar, I M, Avruch, M E, Bell, M J, Bentum, G, Bernardi, P, Best, A, Bonafede, F, Breitling, J W, Broderick, W N, Brouw, M, Brüggen, H R, Butcher, D, Carbone, B, Ciardi, J E, Conway, F, de Gasperin, E, de Geus, A, Deller, R-J, Dettmar, G, van Diepen, S, Duscha, J, Eislöffel, D, Engels, J E, Enriquez, R A, Fallows, R, Fender, C, Ferrari, W, Frieswijk, M A, Garrett, J M, Grießmeier, A W, Gunst, M P, van Haarlem, T E, Hassall, G, Heald, J W T, Hessels, M, Hoeft, A, Horneffer, M, Iacobelli, H, Intema, E, Juette, A, Karastergiou, V I, Kondratiev, M, Kramer, M, Kuniyoshi, G, Kuper, J, van Leeuwen, G M, Loose, P, Maat, G, Mann, S, Markoff, R, McFadden, D, McKay-Bukowski, J P, McKean, M, Mevius, D D, Mulcahy, H, Munk, M J, Norden, E, Orru, H, Paas, M, Pandey-Pommier, V N, Pandey, M, Pietka, R, Pizzo, A G, Polatidis, W, Reich, H J A, Röttgering, A M M, Scaife, D J, Schwarz, M, Serylak, J, Sluman, O, Smirnov, B W, Stappers, M, Steinmetz, A, Stewart, J, Swinbank, M, Tagger, Y, Tang, C, Tasse, M C, Toribio, R, Vermeulen, C, Vocks, C, Vogt, R J, van Weeren, R A M J, Wijers, S J, Wijnholds, M W, Wise, O, Wucknitz, S, Yatawatta, P, Zarka, and J A, Zensus

Published
2016

2. Corrigendum: A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 1017–1017.5 electronvolts from radio observations

Author

Wilfred Frieswijk, M. P. van Haarlem, Anna M. M. Scaife, Vishambhar Pandey, M. C. Toribio, A. Horneffer, Michael Kramer, Jochen Eislöffel, S. ter Veen, Harvey Butcher, A. W. Gunst, J. van Leeuwen, Maaijke Mevius, G. van Diepen, E. de Geus, Sarod Yatawatta, Adam Stewart, Adam Deller, V. I. Kondratiev, M. Pandey-Pommier, Laura Rossetto, D. Carbone, A. Nelles, A. G. Polatidis, Tim Hassall, D. D. Mulcahy, James M. Anderson, S. Duscha, Ralph A. M. J. Wijers, J. Sluman, Roberto Pizzo, Marcus Brüggen, Rebecca McFadden, Hubertus Intema, E. Juette, Stijn Buitink, Satyendra Thoudam, Rob Fender, M. Serylak, R. C. Vermeulen, F. de Gasperin, Y. Tang, O. Scholten, Christian Vocks, J. W. Broderick, M. A. Garrett, P. Maat, M. J. Norden, John D. Swinbank, Heino Falcke, John McKean, H. J. A. Röttgering, Aris Karastergiou, Mark J. Bentum, M. Iacobelli, Arthur Corstanje, Sera Markoff, Benjamin Stappers, M. Tagger, Michael W. Wise, Gianni Bernardi, Jörg R. Hörandel, G. M. Loose, Dominik J. Schwarz, Martin Bell, C. Tasse, Frank Breitling, John Conway, Annalisa Bonafede, H. Paas, M. Steinmetz, Gottfried Mann, R. J. Dettmar, Stefan J. Wijnholds, George Heald, Jason W. T. Hessels, T. Huege, Oleg Smirnov, W. N. Brouw, P. Zarka, J.-M. Grießmeier, B. Ciardi, D. Engels, O. Wucknitz, J. E. Enriquez, M. Kuniyoshi, Richard Fallows, G. Kuper, W. Reich, M. Pietka, Emanuela Orrú, Ashish Asgekar, C. Vogt, Philip Best, Pim Schellart, J. P. Rachen, H. Munk, R. J. van Weeren, D. McKay-Bukowski, Chiara Ferrari, T. N. G. Trinh, Matthias Hoeft, J. A. Zensus, I. M. Avruch, Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Radboud university [Nijmegen], Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute for Mathematics Applied to Geoscience, National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Edinburgh, Jacobs University [Bremen], Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), University of Southampton, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen], University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Medstar Research Institute, Astronomisches Institut der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum], Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg (TLS), Hamburger Sternwarte/Hamburg Observatory, Universität Hamburg (UHH), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Géologie, Université de Montréal [Montréal], Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester [Manchester], Rhodes University, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Oulu, Center for Information Technology CIT, Université de Groningen, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Ghent], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Oxford Astrophysics, University of Oxford [Oxford], School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton], Interactions Son Musique Mouvement, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IRCAM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Argelander-Institut für Astronomie (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen], Radboud University [Nijmegen], École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Universiteit Leiden, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), University of Oxford, Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
Pierre Auger Observatory, Astroparticle physics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-energy astronomy, Astronomy, Electronvolt, Cosmic ray, LOFAR, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Auger, International Cosmic Ray Conference, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

In this Letter, we omitted to cite preliminary results from the low-energy extension of the Pierre Auger Observatory, as presented at the International Cosmic Ray Conference 2015 (ref. 1). Figure 1 of this Corrigendum shows measurements of the average value of Xmax for the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), and earlier experiments using different techniques, now including the data from the Pierre Auger Observatory1 , specifically the contribution of A. Porcelli. Our values are in agreement with those of ref. 1 within systematic uncertainties.

Published
2016
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3. A hot-Jupiter progenitor on a super-eccentric retrograde orbit.

Author

Gupta AF, Millholland SC, Im H, Dong J, Jackson JM, Carleo I, Libby-Roberts J, Delamer M, Giovinazzi MR, Lin ASJ, Kanodia S, Wang XY, Stassun K, Masseron T, Dragomir D, Mahadevan S, Wright J, Alvarado-Montes JA, Bender C, Blake CH, Caldwell D, Cañas CI, Cochran WD, Dalba P, Everett ME, Fernandez P, Golub E, Guillet B, Halverson S, Hebb L, Higuera J, Huang CX, Klusmeyer J, Knight R, Leroux L, Logsdon SE, Loose M, McElwain MW, Monson A, Ninan JP, Nowak G, Palle E, Patel Y, Pepper J, Primm M, Rajagopal J, Robertson P, Roy A, Schneider DP, Schwab C, Schweiker H, Sgro L, Shimizu M, Simard G, Stefánsson G, Stevens DJ, Villanueva S, Wisniewski J, Will S, and Ziegler C

Abstract

Giant exoplanets orbiting close to their host stars are unlikely to have formed in their present configurations 1 . These 'hot Jupiter' planets are instead thought to have migrated inward from beyond the ice line and several viable migration channels have been proposed, including eccentricity excitation through angular-momentum exchange with a third body followed by tidally driven orbital circularization 2,3 . The discovery of the extremely eccentric (e = 0.93) giant exoplanet HD 80606 b (ref.  4 ) provided observational evidence that hot Jupiters may have formed through this high-eccentricity tidal-migration pathway 5 . However, no similar hot-Jupiter progenitors have been found and simulations predict that one factor affecting the efficacy of this mechanism is exoplanet mass, as low-mass planets are more likely to be tidally disrupted during periastron passage 6-8 . Here we present spectroscopic and photometric observations of TIC 241249530 b, a high-mass, transiting warm Jupiter with an extreme orbital eccentricity of e = 0.94. The orbit of TIC 241249530 b is consistent with a history of eccentricity oscillations and a future tidal circularization trajectory. Our analysis of the mass and eccentricity distributions of the transiting-warm-Jupiter population further reveals a correlation between high mass and high eccentricity., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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4. Light curves and colours of the ejecta from Dimorphos after the DART impact.

Author

Graykowski A, Lambert RA, Marchis F, Cazeneuve D, Dalba PA, Esposito TM, O'Conner Peluso D, Sgro LA, Blaclard G, Borot A, Malvache A, Marfisi L, Powell TM, Huet P, Limagne M, Payet B, Clarke C, Murabana S, Owen DC, Wasilwa R, Fukui K, Goto T, Guillet B, Huth P, Ishiyama S, Kukita R, Mitchell M, Primm M, Randolph J, Rivett DA, Ryno M, Shimizu M, Toullec JP, Will S, Yue WC, Camilleri M, Graykowski K, Janetzke R, Janke D, Kardel S, Loose M, Pickering JW, Smith BA, and Transom IM

Abstract

On 26 September 2022, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft struck Dimorphos, a satellite of the asteroid 65803 Didymos 1 . Because it is a binary system, it is possible to determine how much the orbit of the satellite changed, as part of a test of what is necessary to deflect an asteroid that might threaten Earth with an impact. In nominal cases, pre-impact predictions of the orbital period reduction ranged from roughly 8.8 to 17 min (refs. 2,3 ). Here we report optical observations of Dimorphos before, during and after the impact, from a network of citizen scientists' telescopes across the world. We find a maximum brightening of 2.29 ± 0.14 mag on impact. Didymos fades back to its pre-impact brightness over the course of 23.7 ± 0.7 days. We estimate lower limits on the mass contained in the ejecta, which was 0.3-0.5% Dimorphos's mass depending on the dust size. We also observe a reddening of the ejecta on impact., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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5. Telomere-to-telomere assembly of a complete human X chromosome.

Author

Miga KH, Koren S, Rhie A, Vollger MR, Gershman A, Bzikadze A, Brooks S, Howe E, Porubsky D, Logsdon GA, Schneider VA, Potapova T, Wood J, Chow W, Armstrong J, Fredrickson J, Pak E, Tigyi K, Kremitzki M, Markovic C, Maduro V, Dutra A, Bouffard GG, Chang AM, Hansen NF, Wilfert AB, Thibaud-Nissen F, Schmitt AD, Belton JM, Selvaraj S, Dennis MY, Soto DC, Sahasrabudhe R, Kaya G, Quick J, Loman NJ, Holmes N, Loose M, Surti U, Risques RA, Graves Lindsay TA, Fulton R, Hall I, Paten B, Howe K, Timp W, Young A, Mullikin JC, Pevzner PA, Gerton JL, Sullivan BA, Eichler EE, and Phillippy AM

Subjects
Centromere genetics, CpG Islands genetics, DNA Methylation, DNA, Satellite genetics, Female, Humans, Hydatidiform Mole genetics, Male, Pregnancy, Reproducibility of Results, Testis metabolism, Chromosomes, Human, X genetics, Genome, Human genetics, Telomere genetics
Abstract

After two decades of improvements, the current human reference genome (GRCh38) is the most accurate and complete vertebrate genome ever produced. However, no single chromosome has been finished end to end, and hundreds of unresolved gaps persist 1,2 . Here we present a human genome assembly that surpasses the continuity of GRCh38 2 , along with a gapless, telomere-to-telomere assembly of a human chromosome. This was enabled by high-coverage, ultra-long-read nanopore sequencing of the complete hydatidiform mole CHM13 genome, combined with complementary technologies for quality improvement and validation. Focusing our efforts on the human X chromosome 3 , we reconstructed the centromeric satellite DNA array (approximately 3.1 Mb) and closed the 29 remaining gaps in the current reference, including new sequences from the human pseudoautosomal regions and from cancer-testis ampliconic gene families (CT-X and GAGE). These sequences will be integrated into future human reference genome releases. In addition, the complete chromosome X, combined with the ultra-long nanopore data, allowed us to map methylation patterns across complex tandem repeats and satellite arrays. Our results demonstrate that finishing the entire human genome is now within reach, and the data presented here will facilitate ongoing efforts to complete the other human chromosomes.

Published
2020
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6. Establishment and cryptic transmission of Zika virus in Brazil and the Americas.

Author

Faria NR, Quick J, Claro IM, Thézé J, de Jesus JG, Giovanetti M, Kraemer MUG, Hill SC, Black A, da Costa AC, Franco LC, Silva SP, Wu CH, Raghwani J, Cauchemez S, du Plessis L, Verotti MP, de Oliveira WK, Carmo EH, Coelho GE, Santelli ACFS, Vinhal LC, Henriques CM, Simpson JT, Loose M, Andersen KG, Grubaugh ND, Somasekar S, Chiu CY, Muñoz-Medina JE, Gonzalez-Bonilla CR, Arias CF, Lewis-Ximenez LL, Baylis SA, Chieppe AO, Aguiar SF, Fernandes CA, Lemos PS, Nascimento BLS, Monteiro HAO, Siqueira IC, de Queiroz MG, de Souza TR, Bezerra JF, Lemos MR, Pereira GF, Loudal D, Moura LC, Dhalia R, França RF, Magalhães T, Marques ET Jr, Jaenisch T, Wallau GL, de Lima MC, Nascimento V, de Cerqueira EM, de Lima MM, Mascarenhas DL, Neto JPM, Levin AS, Tozetto-Mendoza TR, Fonseca SN, Mendes-Correa MC, Milagres FP, Segurado A, Holmes EC, Rambaut A, Bedford T, Nunes MRT, Sabino EC, Alcantara LCJ, Loman NJ, and Pybus OG

Subjects
Americas epidemiology, Basic Reproduction Number, Brazil epidemiology, Genetic Variation, Genome, Viral genetics, Humans, Microcephaly epidemiology, Microcephaly virology, Molecular Epidemiology, Phylogeography, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Zika Virus genetics, Zika Virus Infection epidemiology, Zika Virus isolation & purification, Zika Virus Infection transmission, Zika Virus Infection virology
Abstract

Transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas was first confirmed in May 2015 in northeast Brazil. Brazil has had the highest number of reported ZIKV cases worldwide (more than 200,000 by 24 December 2016) and the most cases associated with microcephaly and other birth defects (2,366 confirmed by 31 December 2016). Since the initial detection of ZIKV in Brazil, more than 45 countries in the Americas have reported local ZIKV transmission, with 24 of these reporting severe ZIKV-associated disease. However, the origin and epidemic history of ZIKV in Brazil and the Americas remain poorly understood, despite the value of this information for interpreting observed trends in reported microcephaly. Here we address this issue by generating 54 complete or partial ZIKV genomes, mostly from Brazil, and reporting data generated by a mobile genomics laboratory that travelled across northeast Brazil in 2016. One sequence represents the earliest confirmed ZIKV infection in Brazil. Analyses of viral genomes with ecological and epidemiological data yield an estimate that ZIKV was present in northeast Brazil by February 2014 and is likely to have disseminated from there, nationally and internationally, before the first detection of ZIKV in the Americas. Estimated dates for the international spread of ZIKV from Brazil indicate the duration of pre-detection cryptic transmission in recipient regions. The role of northeast Brazil in the establishment of ZIKV in the Americas is further supported by geographic analysis of ZIKV transmission potential and by estimates of the basic reproduction number of the virus.

Published
2017
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