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Abstract The free-field switching of the perpendicular magnetization by the out-of-plane polarized spin current induced spin-orbit torque makes it a promising technology for developing high-density memory and logic devices. The materials intrinsically with low symmetry are generally utilized to generate the spin current with out-of-plane spin polarization. However, the generation of the out-of-plane polarized spin current by engineering the symmetry of materials has not yet been reported. Here, we demonstrate that paramagnetic CaRuO3 films are able to generate out-of-plane polarized spin current by engineering the crystal symmetry. The non-uniform oxygen octahedral tilt/rotation along film’s normal direction induced by oxygen octahedral coupling near interface breaks the screw-axis and glide-plane symmetries, which gives rise to a significant out-of-plane polarized spin current. This spin current can drive field-free spin-orbit torque switching of perpendicular magnetization with high efficiency. Our results offer a promising strategy based on crystal symmetry design to manipulate spin current and could have potential applications in advanced spintronic devices.

Abstract Graphene growth on widely used dielectrics/insulators via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a strategy toward transfer-free applications of CVD graphene for the realization of advanced composite materials. Here, we develop graphene-skinned alumina fibers/fabrics (GAFs/GAFFs) through graphene CVD growth on commercial alumina fibers/fabrics (AFs/AFFs). We reveal a vapor-surface-solid growth model on a non-metallic substrate, which is distinct from the well-established vapor-solid model on conventional non-catalytic non-metallic substrates, but bears a closer resemblance to that observed on catalytic metallic substrates. The metalloid-catalytic growth of graphene on AFs/AFFs resulted in reduced growth temperature (~200 °C lower) and accelerated growth rate (~3.4 times faster) compared to that obtained on a representative non-metallic counterpart, quartz fiber. The fabricated GAFF features a wide-range tunable electrical conductivity (1-15000 Ω sq−1), high tensile strength (>1.5 GPa), lightweight, flexibility, and a hierarchical macrostructure. These attributes are inherited from both graphene and AFF, making GAFF promising for various applications including electrical heating and electromagnetic interference shielding. Beyond laboratory level preparation, the stable mass production of large-scale GAFF has been achieved through a home-made roll-to-roll system with capacity of 468-93600 m2/year depending on product specifications, providing foundations for the subsequent industrialization of this material, enabling its widespread adoption in various industries.

Abstract The ClC-3 chloride/proton exchanger is both physiologically and pathologically critical, as it is potentiated by ATP to detect metabolic energy level and point mutations in ClC-3 lead to severe neurodegenerative diseases in human. However, why this exchanger is differentially modulated by ATP, ADP or AMP and how mutations caused gain-of-function remains largely unknow. Here we determine the high-resolution structures of dimeric wildtype ClC-3 in the apo state and in complex with ATP, ADP and AMP, and the disease-causing I607T mutant in the apo and ATP-bounded state by cryo-electron microscopy. In combination with patch-clamp recordings and molecular dynamic simulations, we reveal how the adenine nucleotides binds to ClC-3 and changes in ion occupancy between apo and ATP-bounded state. We further observe I607T mutation induced conformational changes and augments in current. Therefore, our study not only lays the structural basis of adenine nucleotides regulation in ClC-3, but also clearly indicates the target region for drug discovery against ClC-3 mediated neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract Because of their large surface areas, nanotubes and nanowires demonstrate exquisite mechanical coupling to their surroundings, promising advanced sensors and nanomechanical devices. However, this environmental sensitivity has resulted in several ambiguous observations of vibrational coupling across various experiments. Herein, we demonstrate a temperature-dependent Radial Breathing Mode (RBM) frequency in free-standing, electron-diffraction-assigned Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (DWNTs) that shows an unexpected and thermally reversible frequency downshift of 10 to 15%, for systems isolated in vacuum. An analysis based on a harmonic oscillator model assigns the distinctive frequency cusp, produced over 93 scans of 3 distinct DWNTs, along with the hyperbolic trajectory, to a reversible increase in damping from graphitic ribbons on the exterior surface. Strain-dependent coupling from self-tensioned, suspended DWNTs maintains the ratio of spring-to-damping frequencies, producing a stable saturation of RBM in the low-tension limit. In contrast, when the interior of DWNTs is subjected to a water-filling process, the RBM thermal trajectory is altered to that of a Langmuir isobar and elliptical trajectories, allowing measurement of the enthalpy of confined fluid phase change. These mechanisms and quantitative theory provide new insights into the environmental coupling of nanomechanical systems and the implications for devices and nanofluidic conduits.

Abstract Latent bioreactive unnatural amino acids (Uaas) have been widely used in the development of covalent drugs and identification of protein interactors, such as proteins, DNA, RNA and carbohydrates. However, it is challenging to perform high-throughput identification of Uaa cross-linking products due to the complexities of protein samples and the data analysis processes. Enrichable Uaas can effectively reduce the complexities of protein samples and simplify data analysis, but few cross-linked peptides were identified from mammalian cell samples with these Uaas. Here we develop an enrichable and multiple amino acids reactive Uaa, eFSY, and demonstrate that eFSY is MS cleavable when eFSY-Lys and eFSY-His are the cross-linking products. An identification software, AixUaa is developed to decipher eFSY mass cleavable data. We systematically identify direct interactomes of Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and Selenoprotein M (SELM) with eFSY and AixUaa.

Abstract Direct chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of graphene on dielectric/insulating materials is a promising strategy for subsequent transfer-free applications of graphene. However, graphene growth on noncatalytic substrates is faced with thorny issues, especially the limited growth rate, which severely hinders mass production and practical applications. Herein, graphene glass fiber fabric (GGFF) is developed by graphene CVD growth on glass fiber fabric. Dichloromethane is applied as a carbon precursor to accelerate graphene growth, which has a low decomposition energy barrier, and more importantly, the produced high-electronegativity Cl radical can enhance adsorption of active carbon species by Cl–CH2 coadsorption and facilitate H detachment from graphene edges. Consequently, the growth rate is increased by ~3 orders of magnitude and carbon utilization by ~960-fold, compared with conventional methane precursor. The advantageous hierarchical conductive configuration of lightweight, flexible GGFF makes it an ultrasensitive pressure sensor for human motion and physiological monitoring, such as pulse and vocal signals.

Abstract Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are versatile materials with potential applications in proton conduction. Traditional approaches involve incorporating humidity control to address grain boundary challenges for proton conduction. This study finds vitrification as an alternative strategy to eliminate grain boundary effect in HOFs by rapidly melt quenching the kinetically stable HOF-SXU-8 to glassy state HOF-g. Notably, a remarkable enhancement in proton conductivity without humidity was achieved after vitrification, from 1.31 × 10−7 S cm−1 to 5.62× 10−2 S cm−1 at 100 °C. Long term stability test showed negligible performance degradation, and even at 30 °C, the proton conductivity remained at high level of 1.2 × 10−2 S cm−1. Molecule dynamics (MD) simulations and X-ray total scattering experiments reveal the HOF-g system is consisted of three kinds of clusters, i.e., 1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid (1,5-NSA) anion clusters, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) molecule clusters, and H+-H2O clusters. In which, the H+ plays an important role to bridge these clusters and the high conductivity is mainly related to the H+ on H3O+. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing HOFs, enabling efficient proton conduction, and advancing energy conversion and storage devices.

Abstract Translational control is crucial for protein production in various biological contexts. Here, we use Ribo-seq and RNA-seq to show that genes related to oxidative phosphorylation are translationally downregulated during heart regeneration. We find that Nat10 regulates the expression of Uqcr11 and Uqcrb mRNAs in mouse and human cardiomyocytes. In mice, overexpression of Nat10 in cardiomyocytes promotes cardiac regeneration and improves cardiac function after injury. Conversely, treating neonatal mice with Remodelin—a Nat10 pharmacological inhibitor—or genetically removing Nat10 from their cardiomyocytes both inhibit heart regeneration. Mechanistically, Nat10 suppresses the expression of Uqcr11 and Uqcrb independently of its ac4C enzyme activity. This suppression weakens mitochondrial respiration and enhances the glycolytic capacity of the cardiomyocytes, leading to metabolic reprogramming. We also observe that the expression of Nat10 is downregulated in the cardiomyocytes of P7 male pig hearts compared to P1 controls. The levels of Nat10 are also lower in female human failing hearts than non-failing hearts. We further identify the specific binding regions of Nat10, and validate the pro-proliferative effects of Nat10 in cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells. Our findings indicate that Nat10 is an epigenetic regulator during heart regeneration and could potentially become a clinical target.

Abstract The limited surface coverage and activity of active hydrides on oxide surfaces pose challenges for efficient hydrogenation reactions. Herein, we quantitatively distinguish the long-puzzling homolytic dissociation of hydrogen from the heterolytic pathway on Ga2O3, that is useful for enhancing hydrogenation ability of oxides. By combining transient kinetic analysis with infrared and mass spectroscopies, we identify the catalytic role of coordinatively unsaturated Ga3+ in homolytic H2 dissociation, which is formed in-situ during the initial heterolytic dissociation. This site facilitates easy hydrogen dissociation at low temperatures, resulting in a high hydride coverage on Ga2O3 (H/surface Ga3+ ratio of 1.6 and H/OH ratio of 5.6). The effectiveness of homolytic dissociation is governed by the Ga-Ga distance, which is strongly influenced by the initial coordination of Ga3+. Consequently, by tuning the coordination of active Ga3+ species as well as the coverage and activity of hydrides, we achieve enhanced hydrogenation of CO2 to CO, methanol or light olefins by 4-6 times.

Abstract The material realization of charge-4e/6e superconductivity (SC) is a big challenge. Here, we propose to realize charge-4e SC in maximally-twisted homobilayers, such as 45∘-twisted bilayer cuprates and 30∘-twisted bilayer graphene, referred to as twist-bilayer quasicrystals (TB-QC). When each monolayer hosts a pairing state with the largest pairing angular momentum, previous studies have found that the second-order interlayer Josephson coupling would drive chiral topological SC (TSC) in the TB-QC. Here we propose that, above the T c of the chiral TSC, either charge-4e SC or chiral metal can arise as vestigial phases, depending on the ordering of the total- and relative-pairing-phase fields of the two layers. Based on a thorough symmetry analysis to get the low-energy effective Hamiltonian, we conduct a combined renormalization-group and Monte-Carlo study and obtain the phase diagram, which includes the charge-4e SC and chiral metal phases.

Abstract Achieving low-carbon development of the cement industry in the developing countries is fundamental to global emissions abatement, considering the local construction industry’s rapid growth. However, there is currently a lack of systematic and accurate accounting and projection of cement emissions in developing countries, which are characterized with lower basic economic country condition. Here, we provide bottom-up quantifications of emissions from global cement production and reveal a regional shift in the main contributors to global cement CO2 emissions. The study further explores cement emissions over 2020-2050 that correspond to different housing and infrastructure conditions and emissions mitigation options for all developing countries except China. We find that cement emissions in developing countries except China will reach 1.4-3.8 Gt in 2050 (depending on different industrialization trajectories), compared to their annual emissions of 0.7 Gt in 2018. The optimal combination of low-carbon measures could contribute to reducing annual emissions by around 65% in 2050 and cumulative emissions by around 48% over 2020-2050. The efficient technological paths towards a low carbon future of cement industry vary among the countries and infrastructure scenarios. Our results are essential to understanding future emissions patterns of the cement industry in the developing countries and can inform policies in the cement sector that contribute to meeting the climate targets set out in the Paris Agreement.

Abstract For around half of the pediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients, the molecular mechanism of relapse remains unclear. To fill this gap in knowledge, here we characterize the chromatin accessibility landscape in pediatric relapsed B-ALL. We observe rewired accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) associated with transcription dysregulation in leukemia cells as compared with normal B-cell progenitors. We show that over a quarter of the ACRs in B-ALL are in quiescent regions with high heterogeneity among B-ALLs. We identify subtype-specific and allele-imbalanced chromatin accessibility by integrating multi-omics data. By characterizing the differential ACRs between diagnosis and relapse in B-ALL, we identify alterations in chromatin accessibility during drug treatment. Further analysis of ACRs associated with relapse free survival leads to the identification of a subgroup of B-ALL which show early relapse. These data provide an advanced and integrative portrait of the importance of chromatin accessibility alterations in tumorigenesis and drug responses.

Abstract Stretchability is an essential property for wearable devices to match varying strains when interfacing with soft tissues or organs. While piezoelectricity has broad application potentials as tactile sensors, artificial skins, or nanogenerators, enabling tissue-comparable stretchability is a main roadblock due to the intrinsic rigidity and hardness of the crystalline phase. Here, an amino acid-based piezoelectric biocrystal thin film that offers tissue-compatible omnidirectional stretchability with unimpaired piezoelectricity is reported. The stretchability was enabled by a truss-like microstructure that was self-assembled under controlled molecule-solvent interaction and interface tension. Through the open and close of truss meshes, this large scale biocrystal microstructure was able to endure up to 40% tensile strain along different directions while retained both structural integrity and piezoelectric performance. Built on this structure, a tissue-compatible stretchable piezoelectric nanogenerator was developed, which could conform to various tissue surfaces, and exhibited stable functions under multidimensional large strains. In this work, we presented a promising solution that integrates piezoelectricity, stretchability and biocompatibility in one material system, a critical step toward tissue-compatible biomedical devices.

Abstract The emergence of caste-differentiated colonies, which have been defined as ‘superorganisms’, in ants, bees, and wasps represents a major transition in evolution. Lifetime mating commitment by queens, pre-imaginal caste determination and lifetime unmatedness of workers are key features of these animal societies. Workers in superorganismal species like honey bees and many ants have consequently lost, or retain only vestigial spermathecal structures. However, bumble bee workers retain complete spermathecae despite 25-40 million years since their origin of superorganismality, which remains an evolutionary mystery. Here, we show (i) that bumble bee workers retain queen-like reproductive traits, being able to mate and produce colonies, underlain by queen-like gene expression, (ii) the social conditions required for worker mating, and (iii) that these abilities may be selected for by early queen-loss in these annual species. These results challenge the idea of lifetime worker unmatedness in superorganisms, and provide an exciting new tool for the conservation of endangered bumble bee species.

Abstract MRGPRX1, a Mas-related GPCR (MRGPR), is a key receptor for itch perception and targeting MRGPRX1 may have potential to treat both chronic itch and pain. Here we report cryo-EM structures of the MRGPRX1-Gi1 and MRGPRX1-Gq trimers in complex with two peptide ligands, BAM8-22 and CNF-Tx2. These structures reveal a shallow orthosteric pocket and its conformational plasticity for sensing multiple different peptidic itch allergens. Distinct from MRGPRX2, MRGPRX1 contains a unique pocket feature at the extracellular ends of TM3 and TM4 to accommodate the peptide C-terminal “RF/RY” motif, which could serve as key mechanisms for peptidic allergen recognition. Below the ligand binding pocket, the G6.48XP6.50F6.51G6.52X(2)F/W6.55 motif is essential for the inward tilting of the upper end of TM6 to induce receptor activation. Moreover, structural features inside the ligand pocket and on the cytoplasmic side of MRGPRX1 are identified as key elements for both Gi and Gq signaling. Collectively, our studies provide structural insights into understanding itch sensation, MRGPRX1 activation, and downstream G protein signaling.

Abstract The biofabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tissues that recapitulate organ-specific architecture and function would benefit from temporal and spatial control of cell-cell interactions. Bioprinting, while potentially capable of achieving such control, is poorly suited to organoids with conserved cytoarchitectures that are susceptible to plastic deformation. Here, we develop a platform, termed Spatially Patterned Organoid Transfer (SPOT), consisting of an iron-oxide nanoparticle laden hydrogel and magnetized 3D printer to enable the controlled lifting, transport, and deposition of organoids. We identify cellulose nanofibers as both an ideal biomaterial for encasing organoids with magnetic nanoparticles and a shear-thinning, self-healing support hydrogel for maintaining the spatial positioning of organoids to facilitate the generation of assembloids. We leverage SPOT to create precisely arranged assembloids composed of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural organoids and patient-derived glioma organoids. In doing so, we demonstrate the potential for the SPOT platform to construct assembloids which recapitulate key developmental processes and disease etiologies.

Abstract Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) play a key role in kidney fibrosis by mediating cycle arrest at G2/M. However, the key HDAC isoforms and the underlying mechanism that are involved in G2/M arrest of TECs remain unclear. Here, we find that Hdac9 expression is significantly induced in the mouse fibrotic kidneys, especially in proximal tubules, induced by aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) or unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO). Tubule-specific deletion of HDAC9 or pharmacological inhibition by TMP195 attenuates epithelial cell cycle arrest in G2/M, then reduces production of profibrotic cytokine and alleviates tubulointerstitial fibrosis in male mice. In vitro, knockdown or inhibition of HDAC9 alleviates the loss of epithelial phenotype in TECs and attenuates fibroblasts activation through inhibiting epithelial cell cycle arrest in G2/M. Mechanistically, HDAC9 deacetylates STAT1 and promotes its reactivation, followed by inducing G2/M arrest of TECs, finally leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Collectively, our studies indicate that HDAC9 may be an attractive therapeutic target for kidney fibrosis.

Abstract Biocatalysis is increasingly replacing traditional methods of manufacturing fine chemicals due to its green, mild, and highly selective nature, but biocatalysts, such as enzymes, are generally costly, fragile, and difficult to recycle. Immobilization provides protection for the enzyme and enables its convenient reuse, which makes immobilized enzymes promising heterogeneous biocatalysts; however, their industrial applications are limited by the low specific activity and poor stability. Herein, we report a feasible strategy utilizing the synergistic bridging of triazoles and metal ions to induce the formation of porous enzyme-assembled hydrogels with increased activity. The catalytic efficiency of the prepared enzyme-assembled hydrogels toward acetophenone reduction is 6.3 times higher than that of the free enzyme, and the reusability is confirmed by the high residual catalytic activity after 12 cycles of use. A near-atomic resolution (2.1 Å) structure of the hydrogel enzyme is successfully analyzed via cryogenic electron microscopy, which indicates a structure–property relationship for the enhanced performance. In addition, the possible mechanism of gel formation is elucidated, revealing the indispensability of triazoles and metal ions, which guides the use of two other enzymes to prepare enzyme-assembled hydrogels capable of good reusability. The described strategy can pave the way for the development of practical catalytic biomaterials and immobilized biocatalysts.

Authors report quantum decoherence of dissipative Kerr solitons in normal-dispersion microresonators, also known as dark pulses. They show the quantum decoherence of dark pulses and their potential advantages over bright solitons in an AlGaAs-on-insulator system.

Under a high-cost scenario for battery critical materials, the uptake of electric vehicles in China may be greatly reduced, leading to increased cumulative carbon emissions. This may jeopardize both China’s electric vehicle and climate targets.

Understanding the interactions between plants and microorganisms can inform microbiome management to enhance crop productivity and resilience to stress. Here, Howe et al. use metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to study changes in the leaf microbiome of perennial crops over two growing seasons.

Here the authors show that the RRM of RbFox accomplishes extraordinary sequence specificity by employing functionally and structurally distinct binding modes - one for its cognate RNA and one for all non-cognate RNAs.

The integration of plasmonic structures with photoactive matrices offers a promising means to enhance solar-to-fuel conversion. Here, the authors bridge plasmonic nanoparticles and metal-organic matrix through interface-engineering to boost photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Soft robotics holds promise for realizing easy control over complex locomotion and deformation. Lin et al. report an earthworm-inspired untethered magnetic robot that consists one-piece-mold folded diaphragm to achieve large three-dimensional deformation with inside-volume change capability.

TRPV1 as a drug target suffers from side effects of hypothermia. Here, authors engineer a peptide, sRhTx, as a positive allosteric modulator of TRPV1 channel. It potentiates the activity of TRPV1 to reversibly ablate pain-sensing nerve terminals for long-lasting analgesia without changing mice body temperature.

Comprehensive annotating of cell types in spatially resolved transcriptomics to understand biological processes at the single cell level remains challenging. Here the authors introduce Spatial-ID, a supervision-based cell typing method, that combines the existing knowledge of reference single-cell RNA-seq data and the spatial information of spatially resolved transcriptomics data.

Methods that analyse heterogeneity and compare tissue microenvironments using spatial omics data are challenging to develop. Here, the authors present SOTIP, a method that can perform spatial heterogeneity, spatial domain, and differential microenvironment analyses across multiple spatial omics modalities.

The crystallization of phase-change materials is relevant to their applications in memory and neuromorphic computing devices. Cheng et al. show that the β-relaxation in Ge15Sb85 can be controlled by thermal annealing, leading to the tunability in its crystallization kinetics by one order of magnitude.

Histone chaperones and chromatin remodelers control nucleosome dynamics. Here the authors show that the Arabidopsis ASF1 chaperone primarily supplies histone variants to the HIRA complex to ensure proper epigenetic gene regulation.

Here, the authors report the discovery of a redox switch for AcrIIC1, which regulates AcrIIC1’s monomer-dimer interconversion and inhibitory activity on Cas9. By reporting the structures of different redox states of NmeAcrIIC1, they identify a pair of conserved cysteines which mediate the redox switch. The replacement of the redox-sensitive cysteines allows the generation of a more stable and robust variant under various cellular environments.

The PB2 subunit of the RNA polymerase of influenza virus antagonizes interferon signalling. Here, the authors biochemically characterise the molecular interactions that mediate this, and how this impacts viral replication in the context of different influenza subtypes.

Excessive consumption of fructose contributes to cancer development, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the authors show that glucose deprivation induces fructolysis through selective activation of ATF4 translation, thereby supporting malignant progression of human glioblastoma.

Spontaneous low-frequency oscillations, which are a feature of biological systems, are challenging to engineer into microrobotic systems. The authors discover a mechanism for asymmetry-induced order and realise electrical and mechanical oscillations in a particle collective to power a microrobotic arm.

How bone-related sexually dimorphic traits are regulated hasn’t been examined at the stem cell level. Here the authors show that skeletal stem cells (SSC), in female but not male mice, are directly controlled by estrogen signaling, which could be augmented to improve fracture repair.

Arabidopsis thaliana potassium channel AKT1 is responsible for primary K + uptake from soil, which is functionally activated through phosphorylation and negatively regulated by an α-subunit AtKC1. Here, the authors report the structures of AKT1 at different states, revealing a 2- fold to 4-fold symmetry switch at cytoplasmic domain associated with AKT1 activity regulation.

The mechanism of cold-activated TRPM8 channel activation remains unclear. Here, authors have determined structures of mouse TRPM8 in apo or ligand-bound states, providing insights into the activation of TRPM8 structures in different states.

Optical absorption and nonlinear index are important performance drivers in devices like microcombs. Here the authors use resonance-enhanced nonlinear spectroscopy to characterize absorption limits and nonlinear index for some integrated photonic materials.

It remains a challenge to fabricate metal catalysts with interfacial active sites distributed on the whole two-dimensional (2D) surface of metal nanoparticles. Here the authors demonstrate that the overgrowth of atomic-thick porous Cu2O on Pd readily creates an unprecedented 2D catalytically active metal-support interface with significantly enhanced catalysis toward the semi-hydrogenation of alkynes.

Copper-based materials can convert carbon dioxide into multi-carbon products but suffer from poor activity and selectivity. Here, the authors report CuO clusters supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets for the reduction CO2-to-ethanol, and investigate the change in the catalytic sites while in operation.

The authors observe efficient Brillouin scattering generated by an evanescent field nearby a single pass sub-wavelength waveguide. This work creates an important bridge between Brillouin scattering in waveguides, Brillouin spectroscopy and microscopy.

Alternative splicing is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, the authors investigate the role of the splice variant of Splicing Regulatory Glutamic Acid and Lysine Rich Protein 1 (SREK1) and its upstream regulator, Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 10 (SRSF10) in sustaining the oncogenic signal.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, and in secondary hyperparathyroidism excess PTH secretion contributes to bone loss. Here the authors report an optogenetic approach to inhibit PTH secretion in human hyperplastic parathyroid cells, and prevented hyperplastic parathyroid tissue-induced bone loss in mice.

Here, the authors show that expression of kindlin-2 is increased in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In mouse models, specific deletion of kindlin-2 in liver ameliorates, while its overexpression exacerbates, NAFLD by modulating Foxo1 in hepatocytes.

Oxadiazoles are five-membered ring heterocycles comprising an oxygen and two nitrogens, and those with the 1,2,4-oxadiazole skeleton are of interest due to their prevalence in biologically active compounds. Here, the authors report a transition metal-free [3+2]-cycloaddition of nitroarenes with 2-azaallyl anions under basic conditions to access 2,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles.

Adjuvant gefitinib improves outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients compared to chemotherapy, but not in all cases. Here, the authors find genomic biomarkers of response to gefitinib in NSCLC patients from the ADJUVANT trial, and propose a score to stratify them by potential benefit from the treatment.

The Mizoroki–Heck reaction and its reductive analogue are staples of organic synthesis, but the ensuing products often lack a chemical handle for further transformation. Here the authors present a method to add a heterocycle and transformable halide across a double bond via iridium photocatalysis.

Achieving high output power and low noise integrated lasers is a major challenge. Here the authors experimentally demonstrate integrated lasers from a Si/SiN heterogeneous platform that shows Hertz-level linewidth, paving the way toward fully integrating low-noise silicon nitride photonics in volume using real devices for lasing.

Achieving CO oxidation at room temperature is significant for gas purification but remains challenging to perform. Here, the authors report design of graphene-isolated Pt from cobalt-nickel nanoparticles for efficiently catalytic CO oxidation in an oxygen-rich atmosphere.

The glucose transporter GLUT1 is upregulated in multiple cancers and may contribute to tumour progression, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the authors show that DHHC9-mediated GLUT1 palmitoylation at Cys207 is crucial for plasma membrane localisation of GLUT1 and for tumourigenesis in glioblastoma cells.

Cereblon (CRBN) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor that is involved in cancer cell death, although its regulation is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that Wnt ligand increases CRBN-dependent protein degradation and demonstrate CRBN’s importance in physiological Wnt signaling.