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The article focuses on a research paper investigating whether it is possible to induce antitumor responses in vivo in cancer patients by activating natural killer T (NKT) cells, which are induced to proliferate by dendritic cells. The patients experienced temporary inflammatory symptoms as well as respiratory symptoms in individuals with pulmonary metastases. The study offers clinical evidence that NKT cells can bridge innate and acquired immunity to induce secondary antitumor immune responses.

Cancer immunotherapy attempts to harness the power and specificity of the immune system to treat tumours. The molecular identification of human cancer-specific antigens has allowed the development of antigen-specific immunotherapy. In one approach, autologous antigen-specific T cells are expanded ex vivo and then re-infused into patients. Another approach is through vaccination; that is, the provision of an antigen together with an adjuvant to elicit therapeutic T cells in vivo. Owing to their properties, dendritic cells (DCs) are often called 'nature's adjuvants' and thus have become the natural agents for antigen delivery. After four decades of research, it is now clear that DCs are at the centre of the immune system owing to their ability to control both immune tolerance and immunity. Thus, DCs are an essential target in efforts to generate therapeutic immunity against cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the induction of type 1 T-helper cell responses in cancer patients by dendritic cells (DC) loaded with tumor-specific peptides used for vaccination. Source of cryopreserved DC; Vaccination protocol.

The article discusses research being done on the use of tetanus/diphtheria (Td) toxoid as an antigen for dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. It references the study "Tetanus toxoid and CCL3 improve dendritic cell vaccines in mice and glioblastoma patients," by D. A. Mitchell and colleagues in the 2015 issue. Other topics include the use of DC vaccines in glioblastoma treatment, T cell activation, and significant increase of chemokine ligand 3 in glioblastoma patients treated with Td toxoid.

The article discusses research on dendritic cells (DCs) in advanced ovarian tumours in mice. It references the study "Ovarian cancer progression is controlled by phenotypic changes in dendritic cells," by U. K. Scarlett and colleagues in the February 20, 2012 issue of the "Journal of Experimental Medicine." It states that there is a similar increase in the ratio of DCs to T cells between mice tumour models and human tumours. It also mentions the immunosuppressive ability of DCs.

The article discusses a research study which examines the influence of different immune cells in the tumour microenvironment in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. The study was conducted by analysing tumour-infiltrating antigen presenting cells (APCs) in a modified breast tumour model. Findings reveal that CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) displayed robust T cell receptor (TCR) signalling and strong proliferation of CTLs.

The article discusses the research being done on the suppression of antitumour dendritic cells (Dcs) by T cell membrane protein 3 (TIM3). It references the study "Tumor-infiltrating Dcs suppress nucleic acid-mediated innate immune responses through interactions between the receptor TIM-3 and the alarmin HMGB1," by S. Chiba and colleagues in the July 29, 2012 issue of "Nature Immunology." It says that there was a great interaction between TIM3 and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1).