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Discusses research being done on the role of Calcineurin B1 for positive but not negative selection of developing T cells during thymic development. Reference to a study made by J. R. Neilson, which was published in the 2004 issue of the journal "Immunity"; Process that occurs before T cells emigrate from the thymus; Mechanism by which low-intensity interactions result in cell survival and proliferation and high-intensity interactions result in cell death.

Presents research which proves that the strength of the signal transmitted by the T-cell receptor (TCR) is the key determinant in the αβ/γδ lineage-fate decision. Role of T-cell receptor in αβ/γδ lineage commitment; Results of the experiment done in the study;Difference between γδ TCR thymocytes and pre-TCR thymocytes.

The conventional wisdom is that cell-surface receptors interact with ligands expressed on other cells to mediate cell-to-cell communication (trans interactions). Unexpectedly, it has recently been found that two classes of receptors specific for MHC class I molecules not only interact with MHC class I molecules expressed on opposing cells, but also with those on the same cell. These cis interactions are a feature of immunoreceptors that inhibit, rather than activate, cellular functions. Here, we review situations in which cis interactions have been observed, the characteristics of receptors that bind in trans and cis, and the biological roles of cis recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the discovery of a B-cell signalling pathway in New Delhi, India. Activation of antigen in T-cell areas of lymphoid tissues; Analysis on signalling pathways in the differentiation of resting B cells to GC B cells; Inhibition mechanisms of protein kinase A.

CARMA1, BCL-10 and MALT1 are signalling proteins that have a key role in antigen-receptor-mediated lymphocyte activation through the nuclear factor-?B pathway. Recent genetic studies have revealed additional, previously unexpected roles for these proteins in the development of B and T cells, and in the CD40- and lipopolysaccharide-dependent activation of B cells. Here, I discuss recent advances in the understanding of the molecular and biological functions of these proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the findings of the study which investigates the role of the regulatory T-cells in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Researchers stated that T-cells interact with 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) in preventing excessive inflammatory responses. They have also found out that T-cells are activated in response to the commensal microbiota.

The article reports on the study which shows the dynamic interaction of FOXP3, a transcription factor forkhead box 3, with Eos also called Ikzfa, an Ikaros family's zinc finger transcription factor. It notes Eos is needed for the repression of FOXP3-mediated gene in naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. It also notes that regulatory T cells have important role for maintaining immune homeostasis.

The article focuses on three studies which examine the role of thymocyte-expressed molecule involved in selection (THEMIS) downstream of T cell receptor in thymocytes. Research groups made use of gene-targeted or ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced THEMIS-deficient mice with no obvious abnormalities. All three studies show that the previously unknown T cell specific protein, which they collectively termed as THEMIS, is required for thymocyte positive selection.

The article provides information related to innate immune activation. Clinical application of nonmyeloablative lymphodepletion regimens using total body irradiation (TBI) combined with transfer of tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells is effective in patients with advanced cancer. Studies have suggested two key mechanisms that contribute to the beneficial effect of combining TBI with adoptive cell therapy.

The article discusses the findings of a study which investigates the role of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)-expressing regulatory T (TReg) cells in promoting antigen-specific B cell and TFH cell. Results showing that regulatory T cells promote antigen-specific B cell responses to influenza virus by influencing the availability of interleukin-2 (IL-2) are explained. Also cited is the mechanism involved in the regulation of the TFH cell response to influenza virus.

The article presents a study which investigates the role of cluster of differentiation 4(CD4) and Thymus (T) cells in the effects of oncogene inactivation. As part of the study, researchers have used a transgenic model of Myc-induced haematopoietic tumorigenesis. Observation was conducted based on the researcher's investigation on the role of the immune system in oncogene addiction. The conclusion of the study is discussed based on the gathered data.

Presents information on research being done by Yasmine Belkaid and colleagues which found out that regulatory T cells can respond specifically to microbial antigens. Explanation that naturally occuring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells keep self-reactive T cells but also hamper efficient control of microbial infection; Details on the study conducted by Belkaid and colleagues.

Presents information on a research on orchestrating T cell development, with reference to a study by B. Silva-Santos, D. J. Pennington and A. C. Hayday, published in the December 9, 2004 issue of the journal, "Science."

Deals with the existence of T cells that are odd in nature. Information on T cells that express invariant receptors; Determination of cell types that mediate the selection of such cells.