Search

Cerebellar hemorrhage in full-term infants is a rare condition recently recognized in high-risk newborns requiring intensive care with the availability of advanced neuroimaging techniques. Several aspects such as the incidence, pathophysiology, clinical features, and prognosis of cerebellar hemorrhage in full-term infants remain unknown. We present a case of cerebellar hemorrhage with subdural hemorrhage in a patient hospitalized for jaundice after birth without a history of traumatic delivery, such as breech presentation, prolonged labor or forceps delivery. A full-term female infant weighing 3,100 g at birth, with no complications during delivery, developed jaundice within 48 hours of birth and was admitted for intensive phototherapy in the first 3 days of life with a transcutaneous total bilirubin level of 18.1 mg/dL. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebellar brain lesions with a subdural hemorrhage. At the age of 3 months, the infant exhibited leg rigidity and was referred for rehabilitation. The patient showed signs of improvement during treatment and was generally catching up well with her peers at the age of 9 months. Long-term follow-ups are required to evaluate the consequences on cognitive development, behavior, and motor performance subsequently in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the present study, we aimed to determine the risk factors for the development of cystic periventricular leukomalacia (CPVL) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 309 infants weighing less than 1,500 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul from April 2007 to December 2012. Thirty-nine infants died within 28 days of birth. Of the remaining 270 infants, 21 with CPVL established by cranial ultrasonography, and 63 without CPVL, who were matched for gestational age, were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses of maternal, perinatal, and neonatal risk factors for CPVL were performed through retrospective assessment of data collected from the medical records. Results: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC ≥stage II: 42.9% vs. 9.5%, P =0.002), cultureproven sepsis (66.7% vs. 34.9%, P =0.021), hypotension with sepsis (33.3% vs. 6.3%, P =0.004), and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (≥grade III: 61.9% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.002) were associated with the development of CPVL on univariate analysis. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, two variables were found to be statistically significant independent risk factors: NEC (≥stage II: adjusted OR, 5.12; 95% CI, 1.219-21.514; P =0.026) and hypotension with sepsis (adjusted OR, 8.23; 95% CI, 1.194-56.713; P =0.032). Conclusion: NEC (≥stage II) and hypotension with sepsis were associated with an increased risk of developing CPVL in VLBW infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We studied this study to see the effect of hearing music on response to pain during needling. We hypothesized that music would reduce pain in newborns. Methods: Twenty term and near-term newborns were enrolled for the study. They were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Hanyang University Guri Hospital from May 1, 2011 to September 30, 2011. We evaluated pain response to needling, such as arterial puncture or heel prick, by using Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS; facial expression, crying, breathing patterns, arms, legs, state of arousal) and duration of crying through video recording. We started video recording when the newborns were stable with 0 score of NIPS, and continued for 3 minutes after needling. Each newborn took video-recordings in 2 separate periods. One was done with hearing music (Music group) and the other without music (Control group). Two observers reviewed the videotapes and gave final scores in agreement. T-test was done for comparisons of pain scale and duration of crying between music and control groups. Results: Mean age and hospital days at test of the subjects were 6±5 days of life (1- 16 days of life) and 3±2 days, respectively. Twenty-one of 40 needlings (52.5%) for blood sample were from radial arterial puncture and 19 (47.5%) from heel prick. The music group had lower NIPS score than the controls (5.6±1.1 vs 6.5±0.7, P =0.006). Among the NIPS parameters, the music group had lower scores in crying and arm (crying, 1.6±0.5 vs 1.9±0.3, P =0.028; arm, 0.3±0.5 vs 0.7±0.5, P =0.01) parameters. The remaining parameters such as facial expression, leg, breathing patterns and state of arousal, and duration of crying were not significantly different in 2 groups. Conclusion: c reduced pain response to needling in newborns. Music could be one of modalities to relieve pain during routine medical procedures in newborns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked dominant disease that is typically lethal to males and usually affect female patients. IP is a neurocutaneous disorder, involving the ectodermal tissues such as the skin, eyes, teeth, hair, and central nervous system. The pathogenesis of IP is linked to the gene mutation in the NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO) on chromosome Xq28. We experienced one case of newborn with multiple vesiculobullous skin lesions over the entire body after birth. Skin biopsy and histologic studies revealed suspected IP stage I and the genetic analysis of the NEMO confirmed IP diagnosis. A brain MRI showed multiple cerebral infarctions and the infant has shown delayed development in follow-up clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]