1. A spiking neuron model: applications and learning
- Author
-
Christodoulou, Chris C., Bugmann, G., Clarkson, T. G., and Christodoulou, Chris C. [0000-0001-9398-5256]
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Inhibition (Psychology) ,Spiking neuron model ,Computer science ,Postsynaptic Current ,Refractory period ,computer.software_genre ,Membrane Potentials ,Temporal pattern detection ,Synapse ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,action potential ,temporal summation ,synapse ,Postsynaptic potential ,Directional selectivity ,Neurotransmitter ,time ,Inhibition ,Membrane potential ,Neurons ,learning ,training ,biology ,Temporal Noisy-Leaky Integrator ,article ,Robotics ,dynamics ,Neurotransmitters ,Inhibition, Psychological ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,priority journal ,Neurology ,nerve cell ,Biological system ,Algorithms ,Neural networks ,Analog-Digital Conversion ,velocity ,refractory period ,vision ,dendritic cell ,temporal noisy leaky integrator ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Models, Neurological ,Biological neuron model ,nerve excitability ,Summation ,Machine learning ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,Motion ,Artificial Intelligence ,High firing variability ,inhibition kinetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Learning ,repolarization ,Stochastic Processes ,model ,algorithm ,nonhuman ,Computational neuroscience ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,business.industry ,paper ,Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ,spike ,Cortical neurons ,Neural Networks (Computer) ,biological model ,brain cell ,Biosensors ,Motion detection ,nervous system ,chemistry ,Postsynaptic delay learning ,Synapses ,Computer vision ,somatic cell ,Neuron ,Artificial intelligence ,Neural Networks, Computer ,membrane potential ,business ,computer ,Coincidence detection in neurobiology - Abstract
This paper presents a biologically inspired, hardware-realisable spiking neuron model, which we call the Temporal Noisy-Leaky Integrator (TNLI). The dynamic applications of the model as well as its applications in Computational Neuroscience are demonstrated and a learning algorithm based on postsynaptic delays is proposed. The TNLI incorporates temporal dynamics at the neuron level by modelling both the temporal summation of dendritic postsynaptic currents which have controlled delay and duration and the decay of the somatic potential due to its membrane leak. Moreover, the TNLI models the stochastic neurotransmitter release by real neuron synapses (with probabilistic RAMs at each input) and the firing times including the refractory period and action potential repolarisation. The temporal features of the TNLI make it suitable for use in dynamic time-dependent tasks like its application as a motion and velocity detector system presented in this paper. This is done by modelling the experimental velocity selectivity curve of the motion sensitive H1 neuron of the visual system of the fly. This application of the TNLI indicates its potential applications in artificial vision systems for robots. It is also demonstrated that Hebbian-based learning can be applied in the TNLI for postsynaptic delay training based on coincidence detection, in such a way that an arbitrary temporal pattern can be detected and recognised. The paper also demonstrates that the TNLI can be used to control the firing variability through inhibition with 80% inhibition to concurrent excitation, firing at high rates is nearly consistent with a Poisson-type firing variability observed in cortical neurons. It is also shown with the TNLI, that the gain of the neuron (slope of its transfer function) can be controlled by the balance between inhibition and excitation, the gain being a decreasing function of the proportion of inhibitory inputs. Finally, in the case of perfect balance between inhibition and excitation, i.e. where the average input current is zero, the neuron can still fire as a result of membrane potential fluctuations. The firing rate is then determined by the average input firing rate. Overall this work illustrates how a hardware-realisable neuron model can capitalise on the unique computational capabilities of biological neurons. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 15 7 891 908 Cited By :27
- Published
- 2003