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The antioxidative activity of the nootropic dipeptide Noopept (the ethyl ether of N-phenylacetyl- L-prolyglycine, GVS-111) was studied on a model of Fe2+-induced chemiluminescence (CL) of serum lipoproteins from healthy human donors in vitro. Efficiency of the following antioxidant agents has been compared: Noopept, pyracetam (the non-peptide prototype of Noopept), the PBN antioxidant ( N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitron that acts as a free radical trap), and mannitol, which is used as a neuroprotective drug in the treatment of brain edema. Noopept was shown to modulate the duration of the CL latent period ( gt) that reflected an endogenous antioxidant potential. Noopept and PBN caused a maximum increase in this parameter of 3.4 and 3 times relative to the control, respectively. At the same time, Noopept appeared to be more effective, because it acted at lower concentrations compared to PBN. Our results demonstrated that Noopept protected human serum lipoproteins from Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation. This effect, in combination with its previously found nootropic and neuroprotective properties, made this systemically active dipeptide a promising clinical drug for the treatment of stroke and other disorders associated with deficiency of the endogenous antioxidant system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]